The Laws of Thought

By Sion, Avi, Dr.

Book Id: WPLBN0100304384
Format Type: PDF eBook:
File Size: 0.1 MB
Reproduction Date: 1/1/2008

Title:	The Laws of Thought
Author:	Sion, Avi, Dr.
Volume:
Language:	English
Subject:	Non Fiction, Philosophy, Logic, Epistemology
Collections:	Authors Community, Philosophy
Historic Publication Date:	2008
Publisher:	Avi Sion - Kindle

Member Page:	Avi Sion
Citation APA MLA Chicago Avi Sion, B. D. (2008). The Laws of Thought. Retrieved from http://gutenberg.us/

Description
The Laws of Thought is an exploration of the deductive and inductive foundations of rational thought. The author here clarifies and defends Aristotle’s Three Laws of Thought, called the Laws of Identity, Non-contradiction and Exclusion of the Middle – and introduces two more, which are implicit in and crucial to them: the Fourth Law of Thought, called the Principle of Induction, and the Fifth Law of Thought, called the Principle of Deduction. This book is a thematic compilation drawn from past works* by the author over a period of twenty-three years.

Summary
The Laws of Thought is an exploration of the deductive and inductive foundations of rational thought. The author here clarifies and defends Aristotle’s Three Laws of Thought, called the Laws of Identity, Non-contradiction and Exclusion of the Middle – and introduces two more, which are implicit in and crucial to them: the Fourth Law of Thought, called the Principle of Induction, and the Fifth Law of Thought, called the Principle of Deduction.

Table of Contents
1. Chapter One 7 1. The Law of Identity 7 2. The Law of Contradiction 9 3. The Law of the Excluded Middle 12 2. Chapter Two 16 1. True or False 16 2. Branches of Logic 18 3. Tools of Logic 20 4. Axioms of Logic 21 3. Chapter Three 24 1. Ground of the Laws 24 2. Functions of the Laws 29 3. More on Credibility 31 4. Chapter Four 34 1. Internal Inconsistency 34 2. The Stolen Concept Fallacy 37 5. Chapter Five 41 1. Definition 41 2. The Liar Paradox 43 3. The Barber Paradox 46 6. Chapter Six 49 1. The Tetralemma 49 2. Nagarjuna’s Misinterpretation 52 3. Neither Real Nor Unreal 54 4. Common Way vs. Middle Way 59 7. Chapter Seven 63 1. Phenomenology 63 2. Knowledge is Based On Appearance 66 8. Chapter Eight 71 1. Appearance and Other Large Concepts 71 2. Material, Mental, Intuitive, Abstract 76 9. Chapter Nine 82 1. Apprehension 82 2. Explications 84 3. Negation 89 4. Primaries 91 10. Chapter Ten 95 1. Logical Attitudes 95 2. Unity In Plurality 97 11. Chapter Eleven 102 1. Dialectical Reasoning 102 2. Genesis of Axioms 104 3. Paradoxical Propositions 106 12. Chapter Twelve 112 1. Contradiction 112 2. Varieties of Contradiction 114 3. Double Standards 116 13. Chapter Thirteen 119 1. Special Status of the Laws 119 2. Motors of Rational Thought 122 3. Cogito, Ergo Sum 123 4. Concerning Identity. 125 14. Chapter Fourteen 127 1. Appearance, Reality and Illusion 127 2. Existence and Non-existence 129 15. Chapter Fifteen 133 1. Poles of Duality 133 2. On the Liar paradox 135 3. Non-Aristotelian “Logic” 137 4. Postmodern “Logic” 140 16. Chapter Sixteen 142 1. Negation in Adduction 142 2. Positive and Negative Phenomena 146 3. Positive Experience Precedes Negation 149 4. Negation is an Intention 152 17. Chapter Seventeen 156 1. Formal Consequences 156 2. Negation and the Laws of Thought 159 3. Pure Experience 163 4. Consistency is Natural 165 18. Chapter Eighteen 169 1. The Uniformity Principle 169 2. The Principle of Induction 173 3. Regarding Husserl 176 4. The Flexibility of Induction 178 19. Chapter Nineteen 181 1. Briefly Put 181 2. Antagonism to the Laws 183 3. Counterarguments 185 4. Our Pedestrian Path 187 20. Chapter Twenty 191 1. Ontological Status of the Laws 191 2. The Need for a Subject 193 3. Fuzzy Logic 194 4. Stick to Logic 199 21. Chapter Twenty One 200 1. Ups and Downs of Aristotelianism 200 2. Aristotle Bashing 202 3. Aristotle’s Dynamism 207 22. Chapter Twenty Two 210 1. How to Validate Logic? 210 2. The Inductive Nature of Knowledge 212 3. The Crucial Role of Negation 214 23. Chapter Twenty Three 216 1. Truth vs. Proof 216 2. Double Negation 220 24. Chapter Twenty Four 223 1. Misleading Symbolism 223 2. Upping the Ante 226 25. Chapter Twenty Five 229 1. Mitigating Clarifications 229 2. Examples 231 3. Doing Rather than Talking 233 4. Imprecise Language 234 26. Chapter Twenty Six 239 1. Cognitive Virtues 239 2. The Absurdity of the Antitheses 243 27. Chapter Twenty Seven 246 1. Adapting the Laws of Thought 246 2. Two More Laws of Thought 254 28. Chapter Twenty Eight 258 1. Zen’s Anti-logic 258 2. The Vanity of the Tetralemma 272 29. Chapter Twenty Nine 281 1. Modern Symbolic Logic 281 2. The Existential Import Doctrine 292 30. Chapter Thirty 318 1. The Liar Paradox (Redux) 318 2. The Russell Paradox (Redux) 333 Main References 364