Crs Report for Congress Received through the Crs Web

By Relyea, Harold C.

Book Id: WPLBN0000217789
Format Type: PDF eBook
File Size: 0.1 MB
Reproduction Date: 2008

Title:	Crs Report for Congress Received through the Crs Web
Author:	Relyea, Harold C.
Volume:
Language:	English
Subject:	Government publications, Legislation., Government Printing Office (U.S.)
Collections:	Government Library Collection
Historic Publication Date:
Publisher:	Government Printing Office


Citation APA MLA Chicago Relyea, H. C. (n.d.). Crs Report for Congress Received through the Crs Web. Retrieved from http://gutenberg.us/

Excerpt
Summary: From the earliest days of the federal government, Presidents, exercising magisterial or executive power not unlike that of a monarch, from time to time have issued directives establishing new policy, decreeing the commencement or cessation of some action, or ordaining that notice be given to some declaration. The instruments used by Presidents in these regards have come to be known by various names, and some have prescribed forms and purposes. Executive orders and proclamations are probably two of the best-known types, largely because of their long-standing use and publication in the Federal Register and the Code of Federal Regulations. Others are less familiar, some because they are cloaked in official secrecy. There is, as well, the oral presidential directive, the sense of which is captured in an announcement that records what the President has prescribed or instructed. This report provides an overview of the different kinds of directives that have primarily been utilized by twentieth-century Presidents. Presenting background on the historical development, accounting, use, and effect of such directives, it will be updated as events suggest.

Table of Contents
Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Administrative Orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Certificates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Designations of Officials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Executive Orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 General Licenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Homeland Security Presidential Directives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Interpretations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Letters on Tariffs and International Trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Military Orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 National Security Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 NSC Policy Papers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 National Security Action Memoranda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 National Security Study Memoranda and National Security Decision Memoranda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Presidential Review Memoranda and Presidential Directives . . . . . . . 11 National Security Study Memoranda and National Security Decision Directives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 National Security Reviews and National Security Directives . . . . . . . 11 Presidential Review Directives and Presidential Decision Directives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 National Security Presidential Directives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Presidential Announcements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Presidential Findings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Presidential Reorganization Plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Proclamations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Source Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15