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Parmenides

By: Plato

...racter of Antiphon, the half brother of Plato, who had once been inclined to philosophy , but has now shown the hereditary disposition for horses, is ... ...ters have regarded the Parmenides as a ‘reductio ad absurdum’ of the Eleatic philosophy. But would Plato have been likely to place this in the mouth o... ...ich we must arrive is that the Parmenides is not a refutation of the Eleatic philosophy . Nor would such an explanation afford any satisfactory connex... ...stotle; they are the objections which naturally occur to a modern student of philosophy . Many persons will be surprised to find Plato criticizing the... ...) The full discussion of this subject involves a comprehensive survey of the philosophy of Plato, which would be out of place here. But, without digre... ... the birth place of Anaxagoras, a citizen of no mean city in the history of philosophy , who is the narrator of the dialogue, describes himself as me... ...ou ask?’ ‘Let me introduce to you some countrymen of mine, who are lovers of philosophy; they have heard that Antiphon remembers a conversation of Soc... ...ts have another direction: he takes after his grandfather , and has given up philosophy for horses.’ ‘ We went to look for him, and found him giv ing... ...what becomes of the mind? and where are the reasoning and reflecting powers? philosophy is at an end.’ ‘I certainly do not see my way .’ ‘I think,’ sa...

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St Statesman

By: Plato

...d, not with the original Sophist, but with the soph- istry of the schools of philosophy , which are mak- ing reasoning impossible; and is driven by th... ...onscious of the realities of human life. Yet the ideal glory of the Platonic philosophy is not 4 Statesman extinguished. He is still looking for a ci... ...er but with the animals, they had em- ployed these advantages with a view to philosophy , gathering from every nature some addition to their store of ... ...re was little or nothing in the space between them. Thus there is a basis of philosophy , on which the improb- abilities of the tale may be said to re... ...nform exactly to the same pattern. We do not find perfect consistency in his philosophy; and still less have we any right to demand this of him in his... ...cally termed by Glaucon in the Repub- lic, and the higher life of reason and philosophy. But as no one can determine the state of man in the world bef... ...im in the previous dialogues, but nowhere has the spirit of modern inductive philosophy been more hap- pily indicated than in the words of the Statesm... ...n, but with the brute creation, had used all these advantages with a view to philosophy , conversing with the brutes as well as with one another, and ...

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Notes from the Underground

By: Fyodor Dostoyevsky
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Philebus

By: Plato

..., derived from a previous state of existence, is a note of progress in the philosophy of Plato. The transcendental theory of pre-existent ideas, which... ...he greater feebleness of age, or to the development of the quarrel between philosophy and po- etry in Plato’s own mind, or perhaps, in some degree, to... ...roken up into a number of indi- viduals, or be in and out of them at once. Philosophy had so deepened or intensified the nature of one or Being, by th... ... in the unity of the idea is regarded by Hegel as the supreme principle of philosophy; and the law of contradiction, which is affirmed by logicians to... ...unchangeableness which cannot be got rid of. 3. In the language of ancient philosophy, the relative character of pleasure is described as becoming or ... ...easures. But to us the distinction is unmeaning, and belongs to a stage of philosophy which has passed away. Plato him- self seems to have suspected t... ...described as eminent in physics. There is unfortunately no school of Greek philosophy known to us which combined these two 16 Philebus characteristic... ...ng Socrates the first utilitarian; as indeed there is no side or aspect of philosophy which may not with rea- son be ascribed to him—he is Cynic and C... ...nd), still, why should we make an ambiguous word the corner-stone of moral philosophy? To the higher thinker the Utilitar- ian or hedonist mode of sp...

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The Brothers Karamazov

By: Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky

... my soul if you like. And if you don’t want to, don’t, damn you! That’s my philosophy. Ivan talked well here yesterday, though we were 159 Dostoevsky... ...itary existence there. He was a good scholar who had gained distinction in philosophy in the uni- versity. Something made him take a fancy to Markel, ... ...e a pain in my forehead… and in the top of my head… only please don’t talk philosophy, as you did last time. If you can’t take yourself off, talk of s... ...ng fine. That’s a great pity, for I only give what I can—” “Don’t talk philosophy, you ass!” “Philosophy , indeed, when all my right side is n... ...ou are rubbish, you are my fancy!” “Well, if you like, I have the same philosophy as you, that would be true. Je pense, donc je suis,* I know that... ...sing such cynicism, for they are better educated, more cultured, but their philosophy is essentially the same as his. Perhaps I am a pessimist, but yo...

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Sophist

By: Plato

... of Hegel seemed to find in the Sophist the crown and summit of the Platonic philosophy—here is the place at which Plato most nearly approaches to the... ...on which they are intended to meet. The sophisms of the day were undermining philosophy; the denial of the existence of Not being, and of the connexio... ...fancy of Plato, now boast ful, now eristic, now clothing himself in rags of philosophy , now more akin to the rhetorician or lawyer , now haranguing,... ...r varies in different dialogues. Like my 8 Sophist – Plato thology , Greek philosophy has a tendency to per sonify ideas. And the Sophist is not m... ... additional association, if any , was only that of rhetorician or teacher . Philosophy had become eclecticism and imitation: in the decline of Greek ... ...mes, such as Plotinus, and would have been more often used of a professor of philosophy in general than of a maintainer of particular tenets. But the ... ..., except perhaps in the Euthydemus of Plato, we find no other trace in Greek philosophy; he combines the teacher of virtue with the Eristic; while in ... ...ot being’ appears to us to be one of the most unreal difficulties of ancient philosophy. We cannot understand the attitude of mind which could imagine... ...e? The answer to this, and to nearly all other difficul ties of early Greek philosophy , is to be sought for in the history of ideas, and the answer ...

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The Republic

By: Plato

...tempt made to interweave life and speculation, or to connect politics with philosophy. The Republic is the centre around which the other Dialogues may... ...public is the centre around which the other Dialogues may be grouped; here philosophy reaches the highest point to which ancient thinkers ever attaine... ...to. The 3 greatest of all logical truths, and the one of which writers on philosophy are most apt to lose sight, the difference be tween words and t... ...e included an ideal history of Athens, as well as a political and physical philosophy. The fragment of the Critias has given birth to a world famous f... ...some elements of Plato remain still unde tected in Aristotle. In English philosophy too, many affini ties may be traced, not only in the works of t... ...reflected in them their own higher nature. He is the father of idealism in philosophy, in politics, in literature. And many of the latest conceptions ... ...here we end. The subject is then changed and the old quarrel of poetry and philosophy which had been more lightly treated in the earlier books of the ... ...ird division (3) consists of the fifth, sixth, and seventh books, in which philosophy rather than justice is the subject of inquiry, and the second St... ...tenth book (5) is the conclusion of the whole, in which the rela tions of philosophy to poetry are finally determined, and the happiness of the citi...

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Phaedrus

By: Plato

...ntro ducing or following it. The two Dialogues to gether contain the whole philosophy of Plato on the nature of love, which in the Republic and in t... ... fully or as a figure of speech. But in the Phaedrus and Symposium love and philosophy join hands, and one is an aspect of the other. The spiritual a... ...hosen the life of a philosopher or of a 9 Phaedrus lover who is not without philosophy receives her wings at the close of the third millennium; the r... ... not that which is taught in the schools of rheto ric; it is nearer akin to philosophy. Pericles, for instance, who was the most accomplished of all ... ...shed of all speakers, derived his eloquence not from rheto ric but from the philosophy of nature which he learnt of Anaxagoras. True rhetoric is like... ... sort of inspiration akin to love (com pare Symp.); in these two aspects of philosophy the technicalities of rhetoric are absorbed. And so the exampl... ...al soul of Aristotle. And thus, for the first time perhaps in the history of philosophy, we have represented to us the threefold division of psy chol... ...es, after they have been finally humbled and overpowered. And yet the way of philosophy , or perfect love of the un seen, is total abstinence from bo... ...erhaps, too, he is ironically repeating the common language of mankind about philosophy , and is turning their jest into a sort of earnest. (Compare ...

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Symposium

By: Plato

... said of one of his own writings, more than the author himself knew . For in philosophy as in prophecy glimpses of the fu ture may often be conveyed ... ...thagorean, Eleatic, or Megarian systems, and ‘t he old quarrel of poetry and philosophy’has at least a superficial reconcilement. (Rep.) An unknown pe... ...hese two customs—one the love of youth, the other the practice of virtue and philosophy— meet in one, then the lovers may lawfully unite. Nor is there... ... ful and the serious, are so subtly intermingled in it, and vestiges of old philosophy so curiously blend with germs of future knowledge, that agreem... ...of earth and heaven. (Aesch. Frag. Dan.) Love became a mythic personage whom philosophy, borrowing from poetry, con verted into an efficient cause of... ...e loftiest heights—of penetrating the inmost 16 Plato s Symposium secret of philosophy . The highest love is the love not of a person, but of the hig... ...esses a feeling not unlike that of the Ger man philosopher, who says that ‘philosophy is home sickness.’ When Agathon says that no man ‘can be wrong... ... is al luding playfully to a serious problem of Greek 17 Plato s Symposium philosophy (compare Arist. Nic. Ethics). So natu rally does Plato mingle... ...tophanes the physi cal speakers, while in Agathon and Socrates po etry and philosophy blend together. The speech of Phaedrus is also described as th...

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Crimeandunishment

By: Fyodor Dostoyevsky
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A Gentle Spirit : A Fantastic Story

By: Fyodor Dostoyevsky
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The Brothers Karamazov

By: Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky

... my soul if you like. And if you don’t want to, don’t, damn you! That’s my philosophy. Ivan talked well here yesterday, though we were all drunk. Ivan... ...itary existence there. He was a good scholar who had gained distinction in philosophy in the uni- versity. Something made him take a fancy to Markel, ...

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The Crocodile

By: Fyodor Dostoyevsky
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The Brothers Karamazov

By: Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky
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Protagoras

By: Plato

... though this is a fact which is not generally known); and the soul of their philosophy is brevity, which was also the style of primitive antiquity an... ...perfect piece of art. There are dramatic contrasts and interests, threads of philosophy broken and resumed, satirical reflec tions on mankind, veils ... ... described as the true philosophers, and Laconic brevity as the true form of philosophy, evidently with an allusion to Protagoras’ long speeches. (3) ... ...enus. Several lesser touches of satire may be observed, such as the claim of philosophy advanced for the Lacedaemonians, which is a parody of the clai... ...Hippias, who has previously exhibited his superfi cial knowledge of natural philosophy, to which, as in both the Dialogues called by his name, he now... ...s is already passing into the Platonic one. At a later stage of the Platonic philosophy we shall find that both the paradox and the solution of it app... ...nides. Now is the time to rehabilitate Simonides, by the application of your philosophy of synonyms, which enables you to dis tinguish ‘will’ and ‘wi... ...lain to you my opinion about this poem of Simonides. There is a very ancient philosophy which is more cultivated in Crete and Lacedaemon than in any o... ...ow that I am right in at tributing to the Lacedaemonians this excellence in philosophy and speculation: If a man converses with the most ordinary Lac...

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Phaedo

By: Plato

...letter as well as in the spirit, by writing verses as well as bycultivating philosophy. Tell this to Evenus; and say that I would have him follow me ... .... He too has been a captive, and the willing agent of his own captivity. But philosophy has spoken to him, and he has heard her voice; she has gently ... ...ideas; of man, has a history in time, which may be traced in Greek poetry or philosophy, and also in the Hebrew Scriptures. They convert feeling into ... ... time, he will be forgotten and the world will get on without him. 4. Modern philosophy is perplexed at this whole question, which is sometimes fairly... ...to be inseparable, not only in fact, but in our conceptions of them; and any philosophy which too closely unites them, or too widely separates them, e... ...l are mere dialectical puzzles, stand ing in the same relation to Christian philosophy as the puzzles of the Cynics and Megarians to the philosophy o... ...ttained the pure abstraction; and this, like the other abstractions of Greek philosophy, sank deep into the human intelligence. The opposition of the ... ...reminiscence is also a fragment of a former world, which has no place in the philosophy of modern times. But 30 Phaedo Plato had the wonders of psych... ...lity of the soul, they represent fairly enough the order of thought in Greek philosophy. And we might say in the same way that we are more certain of ...

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The Double a Petersburg Poem

By: Fyodor Dostoyevsky
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Apology

By: Plato

...have life and strength I shall never cease from the practice and teaching of philosophy, exhorting anyone whom I meet after my man Apology 14 ner, a...

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The Insulted and Injured

By: Fyodor Dostoyevsky

...ore his father. “What are you saying, Alyosha? I suppose it’s some sort of philosophy ,” she said. “Someone’ s been lecturing you … Y ou’ d much bette... ... that philosopher who poisoned himself that has put me on that track. Damn philosophy! Buvons, mon cher. We be- gan talking about pretty girls… Where ...

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Charmides, Or Temperance

By: Plato

... 3 began to make enquiries about matters at home—about the present state of philosophy, and about the youth. I asked whether any of them were remarka...

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