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...d and deployed. In addi- tion, much of that software is geared toward making political and artistic ex- pression easier. Yochai Benkler has examined t... ...of cultural participation offered by the Internet through the lens of liberal political theory: The networked information economy makes it possible to ... ...nd discourse. It affects the way we, as individuals and members of social and political clusters, inter- act with culture, and through it with each oth... ...re model, and he much prefers the latter: from “the perspective of lib- eral political theory, the kind of open, participatory, transparent folk cultu... ...l citizenship as the traditionally narrower activities of engaging in direct political debate or discussion of pressing policy issues. Benkler points ... ...ativity it enables among coders, but also by the creativity it enables among artists—and among groups of each. 90 THE GENERATIVE PATTERN Generative te... ...blishers, Untrustworthy Systems, and the Dream of a Digital Rev- olution for Artists, 114 H. L. R. 2438, 2455 – 56 (2001) (asserting that the No ...

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...ommodate his desires to his fortune, and satisfy himself with what he had; political philosophy may to much purpose condemn the meanness and sterility... ...eive also the little means I have to supply it; and Plato, a master in all political government himself, nevertheless took care to abstain from it), a... ...sdom only is wholly within itself”—Cicero, De Fin., iii. 7.] I leave it to artists, and I know not whether or no they will be able to bring it about, ...

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...ty. It is never explicit or known in advance. It is always arbitrary, or subject to political and geopolitical considerations. Thus, it serves to in... ... In a May 2001 paper, tellingly titled "Does the World Bank Cause Moral Hazard and Political Business Cycles?" authored by Axel Dreher of Mannheim ... ...s Private Investment Corporation), the British ECGD, and the French COFACE - shift political risk from buyers, project companies, and suppliers to ... ...l clientele (i.e., their willingness and ability to pay) - or in deference to their political and legal clout. Differential prices are not set by s... ...ents have sprung all over the world and their philosophy permeates the ideology of political parties in many countries, not least the USA. Taxes ar... ...l Jackson, Schwarzenegger and Grisham are businessmen at least as much as they are artists. Intellectual property is a relatively new notion. In t... ...e revered. But they were rarely financially rewarded. Well into the 19th century, artists and innovators were commissioned - and salaried - to pro... ...rom ad sponsored content to packaged open source software. Many creative people - artists, authors, innovators - are repelled by the commercializa... ...emarked name. Then, he created a new company of software games with the best techno-artists he found. He also bought the biggest chemical/genetic c...

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...ully hand over the management of our daily lives and the setting of priorities to a political class or elite is thoroughly discredited. Politicians ... ...t closer to the right. Anarchism is an umbrella term covering disparate social and political theories - among them classic or cooperative anarchism... ...n), and communitarian anarchism (Daniel Guerin). The narrow (and familiar) form of political anarchism springs from the belief that human communiti... ...diment of said subversion. The logical outcome is to call for the overthrow of all political systems, as Michael Bakunin suggested. Governments sho... ...involvement in the economy in his influential and exquisitely-timed "Principles of Political Economy", published in 1848. Undaunted by mounting evi... ...wn) and a more universal one was relegated to a group of special individuals called artists. Theirs is the job to experience (mostly emotions), to ... .... They could be alive or dead (for instance, he could measure himself against past artists). They could be few or many, but they must exist for art... ...ed by periods of frustration, dead ends, failures, and blind alleys in one's work. Artists - especially performing artists (like musicians) - often... ... century, there was no difference between these two classes of creative people, the artists and the artisans. Artists accepted commercial orders wh...

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...ully hand over the management of our daily lives and the setting of priorities to a political class or elite is thoroughly discredited. Politicians ... ...t closer to the right. Anarchism is an umbrella term covering disparate social and political theories - among them classic or cooperative anarchism... ...n), and communitarian anarchism (Daniel Guerin). The narrow (and familiar) form of political anarchism springs from the belief that human communiti... ...diment of said subversion. The logical outcome is to call for the overthrow of all political systems, as Michael Bakunin suggested. Governments sho... ...involvement in the economy in his influential and exquisitely-timed "Principles of Political Economy", published in 1848. Undaunted by mounting evi... ...wn) and a more universal one was relegated to a group of special individuals called artists. Theirs is the job to experience (mostly emotions), to ... .... They could be alive or dead (for instance, he could measure himself against past artists). They could be few or many, but they must exist for art... ...ed by periods of frustration, dead ends, failures, and blind alleys in one's work. Artists - especially performing artists (like musicians) - often... ... century, there was no difference between these two classes of creative people, the artists and the artisans. Artists accepted commercial orders wh...

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...e south of Europe. A The Universitv of Chica~o Press 4. Generic terms for political divisions: (I) when the term is an organic part of the name, f... ...of Anhalt, state of Illinois, county of Cook, city of Chicago. 5. Numbered political divisions : Eleventh Congressional District, First Ward, Secon... ...tion with the name of the place in which they are located. 7. The names of political parties, religious denomina- tions or sects, and philosophical... ...tism. 9. The proper (official) titles of social, religious, educa- tional, political, commercial, and industrial organiza- tions and institutions :... ...ssian War, Battle of Gettysburg; Peace of Utrecht, Louisiana Purchase. 14. Political alliances, and such terms from secular or ecclesiastical histo... ...gical processes . . . . :' "The French, generally speaking, are a nation of artists;" "The English, highly democratic as they are, nevertheless deem...

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...e forces interact. Because we cannot fake how we express our inner world, artists must person- ally experience the unity and the interplay and conne... ... will never see an end of trouble until... lovers of wisdom come to hold political power, or the holders of power... become lovers of wisdom.” --Pl... ...eyond how we build our economic system, our education system, or even our political system. It is a change in our understanding of life, and as a r... ... 10, politi- cians will not worry about losing votes because they’ve lost political arguments. on the contrary, if a politician is able to change hi... ...i Baruch is not supported, funded, or otherwise tied to any government or political organization. Since the bulk of its activity is provided free o...

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...n activities. This trend is also likely to restore the balance between artists and the commercial exploiters of their products. The very definiti... ...- OPM). This, together with the ulterior motives of members of the ruling political echelons (the infamous American Paranoia), a lack of variety and... ...usiness sector has to mollify the God of public opinion with offerings of political and social nature. The Internet is an affluent, educated, yuppie ... ...the registered book (often, a class of books) for a number of years - but politically restricted printable content, often by force. Freedom of the p... ...f inevitable natural disasters, accidents, bankruptcies of publishers, and politically motivated destruction of data - multiple copies and redundant ... ..., Schwarzenegger and Grisham are businessmen at least as much as they are artists. Economically and rationally, we should expect that the costlier ... ...integrates, and consumption slumps - countries tend to isolate themselves politically, react aggressively, and protect their national economies. Pro... ...rks at home via computer and Internet. The Internet makes it possible for artists to publish their own books, music, videos and Websites. Video conf... ... in the country. The money will be used to reimburse copyright holders - artists, performers, recording companies, publishers and movie studios - f...

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...Yet this is precisely what France is doing. She does her utmost to produce artists by the artificial heat of competi- tive examination; but, the sculp... ... Decamps, an Auber, a David d’Angers, an Eugene Delacroix, or a Meissonier—artists who take but little heed of grande prix, and spring up in the open ... ... because there were so few of them, perhaps because they made little or no political pretension. In those days, besides, you could set up for a poet, ... ... yet to play all instruments of music comes to them by nature. The two old artists were exceedingly popular at the the- atre, and took its ways philos... ...sent day; Romans, distinguishable among the others for a certain dash that artists call flafla; Spanish wreaths in bold relief; Flemings and Germans w... ...l alive, it is because nothing kills ill weeds. People do well to mistrust artists; they are as mischievous and spiteful as monkeys. This friend of yo... ..., a Pol- ish Jew, Abramko by name, once involved in a fabulous man- ner in political troubles, from which Elie Magus saved him as a business speculati... ...in the quar- ter; he would carry all the elections—municipal, military, or political. The boulevards seem short if, while you pace afoot, you mount yo... ...or sheep! you were made to 268 Cousin Pons be shorn,’ “ and he hummed the political squib by way of giving vent to his feelings. Then he rang for the...

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................................................... 330 BOOK IV OF SYSTEMS OF POLITICAL ECONOMY ...................................................... 34... ... the society; yet they have given occasion to very dif- ferent theories of political economy; of which some magnify the importance of that industry wh... ...ceeds to a great fortune, does not necessarily ac- quire or succeed to any political power, either civil or military. His fortune may, perhaps, afford... ...urn’s History of the Poor Laws.}. In 1688, Mr Gregory King, whose skill in political arith- metic is so much extolled by Dr Davenant, computed the ord... ...nd workmen of different kinds, make up the far greater part of every great political society. But what improves the circumstances of the greater part,... ...ew denomination, they are called bounties. Premiums given by the public to artists and manufacturers, who excel in their particular occupations, are n... ...s concemant les Droits, etc. tom. iii. p. 87.} The recompence of ingenious artists, and of men of liberal pro- fessions, I have endeavoured to show in...

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... division of the county of Barsetshire, which, as all the world knows, is, politically speaking, as true blue a county as any in England. There have b... ...ision of Barsetshire. But this Western Division can boast none of the fine political at- tributes which grace its twin brother. It is decidedly Whig, ... ... — what woman ever understood the necessity or recognised the advantage of political honesty? But then she was neither dull nor pompous, and if she wa... ...that she had married him on the specula- tion that he would at once become politically important; and as yet Mr Smith had not quite fulfilled the prop... ...to entitle it to be considered as classical. Her mouth, too, was very fine—artists, at least, said so, and connois- seurs in beauty; but to me she alw... ...last crowned the earnest effort with which Harold Smith had carried on the political battle of his life for the last ten years. The late Lord Petty Ba...

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...tures!’ ‘And especially portraits. And I’m afraid, Mr Dalrymple, she hates artists.’ 233 Anthony Trollope ‘Good heavens; how cruel! I suppose there i... ...’ said Miss V an Siever. ‘ And none was intended. But you may observe that artists in all ages have sought for higher types of models in painting wome... ...ld you object? It is the commonest thing in the world for ladies to sit to artists in that manner.’ 250 The Last Chronicle of Barset ‘People would kn... ...ithout telling you what she complains of. But she muttered something about artists which was not com- plimentary, and I suppose therefore she has a su... ...ned it.’ ‘I am in the way of doing so. Perhaps one out of ten strug- gling artists is successful, and for him the profession is very charming. It is c... ...land gives so much more than the rent. It gives position and influence and political power, to say noth- ing about the game. We’ll go back now. I dare...

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...formed by colleagues and students in computer science, English, history, and political science. But the work I am describing here is—as the last chapt... ...lder’s rights? These questions may be hard, because the underlying moral and political and economic issues need to be thought through. They may be wei... ...allow a decentralized and iconoclastic cultural ferment in which independent artists, musicians, and writers can take their unique visions, histories,... ...rhaps you are a collage artist who wishes to incorporate images that amateur artists have put online. None of the works are marked by a copyright symb... ...r an acquisition but a creation, namely literary property...r econ- cile the artists with society by means of property. 43 Diderot wanted perpetual co... ...ic. Condorcet began by framing the question of lit- erary property as one of political liberty. “Does a man have the right to forbid another man to wr... ... of his ideas. The law of 1793 accomplished this task of synthe- sis through political negotiation rather than philosophical reasoning—that is, by ref... ...negotiation rather than philosophical reasoning—that is, by refashioning the political identity of the author in the first few years of the Revolu- tio... ...e the Internet as a potential threat to their role as intermediaries between artists and creators on the one hand and the public on the other. Intelle...

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...or being the toughest inmate, the power gained from being in the best school or on the best team—the examples are endless. Then there are the politi... ... in our children and young adults the abilities to have power to do some things well. This can be in the vocational, avocational, familial or politi... ...is often valued by the newsmen. But is press freedom more valuable to a Muslim whose prophet has been defiled? It is religious values versus politi... ...r over men. Granting sexual favors is even a better means of gaining power over them. Men tend to get their sexual attraction from economic or politi... ...cles for the drive for power. It had forced them to achieve in business, to become the money winners, and to work at the highest academic and politi... .... When a person finds meaning in life, or searches for meaning, it is a sign of being psychologically healthy and happy. One might look at the artist... ...choose? Maslow quoted Child (21) to back up his thesis that the highest achievers in a ‗human area‘ think similarly. Child found that the best artist... ...ke some basic needs for the love and the esteem of others in order to live alone and quietly meditate on the mysteries of nature. And how many artist...

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...pe. Travelers to and from the Orient included not just merchants but also artists, diplomats, doctors, scholars, scientists, and priests from all re... ...amous roads became unsafe, and barbarians threatened on every border. Its political and financial systems were foundering. By 410 AD, the empire ... ...cs trained to operate them—served as:  Gathering places for scholars, artists, and literati.  Sanctuaries for foreign translators, émigrés, and... ...nnia, Gutenberg‘s print technology did the following:  Opened paths to political, scientific, and industrial revolutions.  Formed the basis of ... ...‖—common citizens who could afford to hurl their ideas into a democracy’s political ring. Flexible in size, pamphlets could communicate expressi... ...d his insistence on the authority of the Bible. Wycliffe believed that political power would (and should) ultimately rest with the people. Nevert... ...mples of the power social networking can exert. The Internet showed its political clout as early as the Bill Clinton‘s 1992 victory over President...

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...but we shall have the justice also to recognise in him one of the greatest artists of our generation, and, in many ways, one of the greatest art- ists... ...s which arose from his sympathy with the great French Revolution. His only political feeling had been hith- erto a sentimental Jacobitism, not more or... ...domontade, but filled with living indignation, to de- clare his right to a political opinion, and his willingness to shed his blood for the political ... ...nd further from writing the Address to a Louse. Yet Burns, like most great artists, proceeded from a school and contin- ued a tradition; only the scho... ...e extent the moral of his own career. He was among the least impersonal of artists. Except in the Jolly Beggars, he shows no gleam of dramatic instinc... ... and between friends of the same sex, but in the field of the less intense political sympathies; and his ideal man must not only be a generous friend ... ...should prevail.” For his part, he would not “for an instant recognise that political organisation for his government which is the slave’s government a... ... thus did it come twice, though in a subaltern attitude, into the field of political history. NOTE. – For many facts in the above essay, among which I...

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...“(T)he past is what man should not have been. The present is what man ought not to be. The future is what artists are.” Published originally as “The Soul of Man Under Socialism,” this is not so much a work of sober political analysis; rather it can be summed up as a rhapsodic manifesto on behalf of the Individual. Socialism havin...

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Essay/Short nonfiction, Economics/Political Economy, Politics

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...and ask little reason wherefore. Of these four friends of ours, three were artists, or con- nected with art; and, at this moment, they had been simul-... ...ion had been carried on in a mood in which all imaginative people, whether artists or poets, love to indulge. In this frame of mind, they sometimes fi... ... those living models, dark, bushy bearded, wild of aspect and attire, whom artists convert into saints or as- sassins, according as their pictorial pu... ...e, it came back among the Anglo-Saxons, and was communicated to the German artists, who so richly sup- plied it with romantic ornaments and excrescenc... ...sible theory, he might be a thief of the city, a robber of the Campagna, a political 26 The Marble Fawn offender, or an assassin, with blood upon his... ...the thoroughfare of ambassadors, English noblemen, American millionnaires, artists, tradesmen, washerwomen, and people of every degree,—all of whom fi... ...apitol. It was an admirable idea of those stern old fellows to fling their political criminals down from the very summit on which stood the Senate Hou...

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...e Jockey-Club, he was leading the life of a young man who, having lost his political prospects, was taking his pleasure in Parisian dissi- pation. At ... ... that of Po- land against the Emperor. It would be a foolish thing to slip political discussion into tales that are intended to amuse or interest. Bes... ...rs (the real explanation of the Arabian myth), superb sketches by our best artists, lids of chests made into panels alternating with fluted draperies ...

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...ure in a tightly buttoned frock-coat, with the air of a diplo- mat seeking political influence, smelling of the musk of aris- tocracy, full of pretens... ...never ceased tooting its one little tune.” Canalis’s ambition was to enter political life, and he made capital of a journey he had taken to Madrid as ... ...ant of a better. Attracted by the fame of Canalis, also by the prospect of political interest, and advised thereto by Madame d’Espard, who acted in th... ... sonorous elocution which is so useful and even necessary an instrument in political life. His cold-bloodedness touched at certain points on rectitude... ...Charles Mignon, addressing Canalis, “that you can even think of becoming a political character?” “It is abdication,” said Modeste, “for a poet; politi... ...ion, and yet she is, I believe, at the head of the world,—by reason of her artists, her men of talent, and the good taste of her products. There is no...

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...eantime he was drawn into all the dissipations that arise from literary or political life, and he yielded to the temptations incurred by journalists b... ...med by either malignancy or kindness of nature. Such were the truths these artists made him feel. Small, ill-made, without superiority of mind or sett... ...ete, and without sufficient force to bear up against the rough jostling of political life, the struggles and sufferings of which confer no credit,—a b... ...ke of sacred principles. From the time of his return to the provinces this political manoeuvrer had an intimacy with a young man, overwhelmed with deb... ...icity given by the press to every trial, even the least important, whether political or individual. The system of the Imperial government was that of ... ...ied pair, and the young wife had occasion to know the depraved habits, the political and religious atheism and— shall I say the word?—the infamy of th...

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...f their capacities. Compared with statesmen, first- rate professional men, artists, and even with laborers and artisans as far as muscular exertion go... ...erious news and replacing it by vapid tittle- tattle, and substituting for political articles informed by at least some pretence of knowledge of econo... ...te a different matter. The comparatively few men who work at home—writers, artists, and to some extent clergy- men—have to effect some sort of segrega... ...ze marriage. The common notion that the existing forms of marriage are not political contriv- ances, but sacred ethical obligations to which everythin... ...be ruled by such public opinion as that, she would have been wiped off the political map long ago. The modern notion that democracy means governing a ... ...t the test of its effect on human welfare. THE SCIENCE AND ART OF POLITICS Political Science means nothing else than the devizing of the best ways of ... ... a cipher except for the pur- poses of a petulantly irreligious social and political club. Democracy as to the thing to be done may be inevitable (hen...

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...s and through a great sea of tedium, steers this mortal bark. There may be political wisdom in such a view; but I am persuaded there can spring no gre... ...as continually move, but not by measurable marches on a stable course; the political soil itself steals forth by imperceptible degrees, like a travell... ...eptible degrees, like a travelling glacier, carrying on its bosom not only political parties but their flag-posts and cantonments; so that what appear... ... see a peaceable and blindfold evolution, the work of dull men immersed in political tactics and dead to political results. The principal scene of thi... ...he practisers of delightful industries, like gardening; some are students, artists, inventors, or dis- coverers, men lured forward by successive hopes... ...e died, and become famil- iar with these distant friends. At last, in some political trouble, he is banished to the very place of his dreams. He arriv... ... that point is one rather of the difference of arts than the difference of artists. Throughout his best and worst, in his highest and most divine imag...

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...ike her husband—stood up with the Austrian ambassador. Besides, the famous artists Baron Gros, David and Nicholas Poussin, and Canova, who was in town... ... the chief phy- sicians, the chief bankers, the chief statesmen, the chief artists and musicians, the chief everything, under the Moorish kings. Thus ... ...caping thence to England, was, under pretence of debt, but in reality from political hatred, imprisoned there also in the Tower of London. He must not... ...ge to the Duke of Bordeaux. They were followed, according to their several political predilections, by the vari- ous Ministers and dignitaries of the ... ...ian trumpeters, and the famous Bohemian Minnesingers; with all the leading artists of London, Paris, the Continent, and the rest of Europe. I leave yo...

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... a bare name be thus influential on the minds and affections of men, and a political aggregation blind them to the nature of facts? The story of the A... ...ent; and soon after the time of which I write, he made a showy speech at a political dinner, was cried up to heaven next day in the Courant, and the d... ...in of the old divine. CHAPTER VIII MEMOIRS OF AN ISLET THOSE WHO TRY to be artists use, time after time, the matter of their recollections, setting an...