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...Presentation and comparison of the main causal theories of reference for proper names, and a proposal of a new approach based on the analogy of the causal chain of reference with the block chain from blockchain technology and Paul Ricœur's narrative theory. After a brief ...

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...In this article I highlight and compare the main causal theories of reference for proper names, and propose a new approach based on the analogy of the causal chain of reference with the block chain from blockchain technology and Paul Ricœur's narrative theory. After a brief Introd...

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... Nicolae Sfetcu 22.09.2019Sfetcu, Nicolae, " Causal theories of reference for proper names ", SetThings (September... ...10-4), DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.26330.90562, URL =https://www.telework.ro/en/e-books/causal-theories-of-reference-for-proper-names/Email: nicolae@sfetcu.c... ...ks/teorii-cauzale-ale-referintei-pentru-nume-proprii/ Nicolae Sfetcu: Causal theories of reference for proper names ... ...proper names Abstract I highlight and compare the main causal theories of reference for proper names, and proposea new appro... ...esent the causal theory of the reference proposed by Saul Kripke, then twohybrid causal theories developed by Gareth Evans and Michael Devitt. In the ... ...now called Kripke semantics. (Fodor 2004) Hedeveloped the argument that necessity is a "metaphysical" notion, which must be separated from thea priori...

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...echnique (1977)The Scientist: A Novel Autobiography (1978)The Scientist: A Metaphysical Autobiography (1988)The Scientist -A MetaphysicalAutobiography... ...e adore the wry, mischievous humanity of theman. The Scientist is indeed"A Metaphysical Autobiography." Thisis one of the great personal stories of ou... ...My mind moves away from con­sidering myself, I am getting off into others' theories of why mylife is the way it is, including Freud's-including yours-... ...tions-associations, psychosexual development of young chil­ dren, analytic theories. There I go again. I evade getting into my own memories and my own... ...ous had been proven. Despite the fact that this choice between the two theories was demonstrated after the first few hours, the research contin­ u... ...heory ofthe unconscious mind. In his own analysis he had found thatthese theories were extremely inadequate as models whichwould wor... ...periences that far more was hap­pening than could be accounted for in such theories. The psychiat­ric profession was not utilizing the full potential ...

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...This book presents a short panorama of commented art theories, together with experimental digital images using adopted techniques from various fields, in order to inspire the actual artists to choose from, and also to invent or adopt new procedures in producing their artworks. ...

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...Definition of Unification of Art Theories (UAT) --- 1, and back cover Preface – essay: Unification of Art Theories (UAT), a manifesto --- 5 Mail oUTER-aRT --- 34 Mail oUTER-aRT 2007 ------------- first cover Mail oUTER-aRT 1 ------------------ 35 Mail o...

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.../www.gallup.unm.edu/~smarandache/a/oUTER-aRT.htm Unification of Art Theories (UAT) =composed, found, changed, modified, altered, graffiti... ... changed, modified, altered, graffiti, polyvalent art= Unification of Art Theories (UAT) considers that every artist should employ - inproducing an a... ...onsiders that every artist should employ - inproducing an artwork – ideas, theories, styles, techniques and procedures of makingart barrowed from vari... ...d multi-space. The distinction between Eclecticism and Unification of Art Theories (UAT) is thatEclecticism supposed to select among the previous sch... ... throughout history. This book presents a short panorama of commented art theories, together withexperimental digital images using adopted techniques... ... shamans) intheir believes since long time ago.Check for highly figurative metaphysical paintings.Guy Debord radically contests and condemns the socie...

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...Abstract. The goal of this paper is to experiment new math concepts and theories, especially if they run counter to the classical ones. To prove that contradiction is not a catastrophe, and to learn to handle it in an (un)usual way. To transform the apparently unscientific ideas into scientific...

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...t everuthing and everybody!! "Duibito, ergo cogito; cogito, ergo sum", said Rene Descartes, "I doubt, therefore I think; I think, therefore I exist" (metaphysical doubt). See what happens if you deny the classics' theory?...

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This book aims to seek the mysteries of the universe and understand its metaphysical meaning.

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...ubstancesto process, therefore, it is absurd to take more than we need.From a metaphysical point of view, I consider it better to dividethe day into f... ...that the universe has the same physical laws in any place,determines that the metaphysical understanding of its operation isnot impossible, because al... ...s through their contrast and comparisonthat their existence is evidenced.This metaphysical reality exists within each elementary particle,because in i... ...n only indicates an inclination positioned in asingle vital aspect.In nature, metaphysical symbols are repeated innumerable times,this is because the ... ...th a just attitude, that the mind must besought pleasure. In this way, from a metaphysical point of view,science gives us the warm and masculine aspec... ... of its ideological postulates andtherefore tries to get people to accept its theories without proof,even killing those who deny it. This ... ...at work is only a way ofresponding from a spiritual point of view to Darwin's theories, butdone without adequate knowledge of science and the evolutio... ...rom animals, but it isnot true that in the process of evolution only Darwin's theorieshave existed, because, for the development of each animal specie... ...s. Sometimes they look forevidence to prove things wrong and end up elevating theories tothe category of evidence. This can happen when what they have...

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...like other works on the same subject, the evaluated period is very extensive, starting with Newton's natural philosophy and up to the quantum gravity theories of today. In order to explain in a more rational way the complex evolution of the gravity concept of the last century, I propose a natural extension of the methodology of the research programmes of Lakatos that I the...

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...Allan Franklin and Slobodan Perovic, in Experiment in Physics[7], state that theories in science in general, and in physics in particular, are confirmed (temporarily) by experiments that verify the assertions and predictions of theories, thus laying the groundwork for scientific knowledge. Francis Bac...

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...   Bifurcated programs       Unifying programs 1. Newtonian gravity    1.1 Heuristics of Newtonian gravity    1.2 Proliferation of post-Newtonian theories    1.3 Tests of post-Newtonian theories       1.3.1 Newton's proposed tests       1.3.2 Tests of post-Newtonian theories    1.4 Newtonian gravity anomalies    1.5 Saturation point in Newtonian gravity 2. Genera...

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........................................... 271.2 PROLIFERATION OF POST-NEWTONIAN THEORIES .......................................................... 331... ................................................... 331.3 TESTS OF POST-NEWTONIAN THEORIES ................................................................. ................................................. 421.3.2 TESTS OF POST-NEWTONIAN THEORIES ................................................................. ........................... 622.2 PROLIFERATION OF POST-EINSTEINIAN GRAVITATIONAL THEORIES............................... 672.3 POST-NEWTONIAN PARAMETERI... ...d in a single historicalentity determined by the dominance of a certain set of metaphysical commitments. In some cases,contradictory theories can be d... ...ced from the phenomena must be called a hypothesis; and hypotheses, whether metaphysical or physical, or based on occult qualities, or mechanical, ... ...tion of universal gravitymakes sense. According to Andrew Janiak, the anti-metaphysical reading of the mathematical treatmentof Newton's force is ... ...ading of the mathematical treatmentof Newton's force is a reasonable one. Anti-metaphysical interpretation can be supported by thefamous methodologica... ...r system,"Newton's methodology can be interpreted as expressing a more general metaphysicalagnosticism." 46 42 Isaac Newton, “Philosophiae Natural...

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...e writer has reached the conclusion that religious teachings are academically valid and as understandable and intellectually acceptable as any of the theories propounded by men of science....

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... Reviewthe Orientalist’s contentions to be totally fallacious.The theories of the anti-religionists are no better.Just as in the above examp... ...elf,establishes the truth of religion and the falsity ofanti-religious theories. It conforms to the nobleideas of man in the very sam... ...n science which governs the choice between two or more conflicting theories. According to this principle, the theory which expl... ... of ArgumentWhat is important is the theory, which is based onthem. All the theories, later formulated, on the basisof these observations and experime... ...of science boilsdown to an explanation of certain observations.Although the theories themselves do not comeunder observation, the process of observati... ...sserts that there is no problem to solve except the metaphysical one of human consciousness, which has occasion...

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...he Mental constitute the form and the content of the World. The world does not consist of subjects and objects, the “subject” and the “object” are metaphysical abstractions of the single and indivisible Wholeness. Man’s finite knowledge separates the Whole into parts and studies fragmentarily the beings. The Wholeness is manifested in multiple forms and each form encaps...

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...pre – universe.... Chapter 8 The paths of knowledge - Ancient knowledge and contemporary physics | The universal nature of soul. Chapter 9 The metaphysical and the epistemological question.. Basic scientific assumptions......

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..............................................................52Chapter 9 The metaphysical and the epistemological question................................. ...the above way in which the cosmic reality is approached in its wholenessis metaphysical. Namely, it separates the world in macroscopic and microscopic... ... theory of M – strings, where “M” istranslated as “mother” (“the mother of theories”) or as (“membrane”) as it supposesthat the strings with the appro... ...eory of relativity, the light has got mass (Ε=mc2). Ifwe combine these two theories we approach the answer to the question about thefate of the univer... ...the universe from theperspective of eternity ensures the truth of physical theories.In the deterministic universe of the classical science, the order ... ...ires a radical reviewof not only the classical description but also of the metaphysical preconditions ofclassical science.The classical ideal in physi... ... with respect to time, i.e. they are reversible and deterministic. Inthose theories there is no discrimination between the past and the future.Thermod... ...One. Everything is made of the same “universal matter”. Theseparations are metaphysical abstractions and mental constructions. The differencebetween t... ... the universe. 55 The metaphysical and the epistemological questionLeibniz in his work “Principle...

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... district public health officer for over three decades across various districts, he has now retired. With a focus on utilizing anthropological facts, theories, and perspectives, Subba emphasizes the importance of cultural studies within the Kirat Limbu community. This book is expected to be a valuable resource for those seeking to understand the true essence of Nepali...

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...ligions (History in (Hindi, 2020;Thulung, 1985; Danielou & Gabin, 2003). Metaphysical knowledge (Veda, Mundhum) alonecannot deal with scientific the... ...ckground, it should join extra astronomy,space, philosophy, and scientific theories. Finally,because research rises from the known knowledgeand approa... ...ablished scientists are sceptical of this idea aswell. There are several theories in their place. However,a popular scientific approach as valid as ... ...mo ancestors cited in The Aquatic Human Ancestor Theory Website. Various theories have explained humankind'sorigins and dispersion over the globe. H... ...y of the 'Out of Africa' Model Outside of Africa, theories have attempted toexplain the origins of humans in the world today ... ...which is done without the effect ofpolitical fog. We must recognize that metaphysical knowledgehas unique characteristics and limitations that requi... ...ve on the past,as well as on life and the larger world. We areimpressed by metaphysical wisdom. The study discussed attitude to practice andethnogra... ...eople wrote much literature between the 13th and18th centuries, during the Metaphysical stage ofsocial evolution. Literature can be registered with am... ...mbu language, becomes an expert inKirat Yakthung culture. People deal with metaphysicalKirat Limbu Culture – Anthropological Investigation – Dr. Nawa ...

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...18) In its contemporary form, structural realism has both an epistemic form and an "ontic" form, the latter claiming in essence that current physical theories justify the fact that the structural features of the physical world are ontologically fundamental (Ladyman and Ross 2007), subscribing to the idea that the only ontological continuity in terms of changes in fundament...

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... singularities (Romero 2013a), NickHuggett and Carl Hoefer, Absolute and Relational Theories of Space and Motion (Huggett andHoefer 2018), Christopher... ... tensor that describes a certain class of tidal effects. There are alternative theories to GR built on the same concepts, with different rules an... ...al physical theory is the continuity of the structure. Onticstructural realism is a metaphysical framework that provides an adequate understanding of ... ...at provides an adequate understanding of thecharacteristics of fundamental physical theories. According to him, there are structures in the fieldof fu... ...tinction betweenobjects and their ways of being, but only a conceptual one. Anti-metaphysical logical empiricists such as Carnap and neo-Kantians s... ...cture being derived. A given geometry for spacetimeconstrains formally the accepted theories to those with a straight symmetry. An assumption ofmany s... ...t years, research has expanded from classical singularities of Penrose andHawking's theories to the new paradigm of weak singularities, and Choptuik's...

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...gical reading 2. A more orthodox psychological reading 3. A plainly mechanistic thesis 17. The five skandhas doctrine (cont’d) 1. The metaphysical aspects 2. Soul and emptiness 3. In conclusion Main references Diagrams Figure 1. Three types of continuity Figure 2. How momentary subjects and objects give rise to abstractions Figur...

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...17. The five skandhas doctrine (cont’d) ................. 300 1. The metaphysical aspects.................................. 300 2. Soul and e... ...dition, but in studying thoughts. His writingsfocus on examining concepts, theories and methods foundin many Buddhist source-texts and modern books ab... ... issue, and making it seem as if one has thus denied all possible theories about it. The denial, to be thorough, must indeed consider al... ...The denial, to be thorough, must indeed consider all alternative theories before drawing such negative conclusion about the issue.Falla... ... interpretations of individual percepts, just as we do to complex theories relative to masses of percepts. These rules are universal: no... ...chological, this original substance is eventuallyregarded as universal and metaphysical, on the basis of apositivistic argument22 that since even mate... ... hypothesis). If we look upon causation in apositivistic manner, and avoid metaphysical discussionsthat tend to mystify, it is a simple matter. Causat... ...sciousness (to the extentpossible) of God? How can that metaphysicalinterpretation be rendered compatible with the Buddhistrecommen... ...mind or matterNote that similar arguments to the above can be used inother metaphysical fields. For example, the Yogacaraschool’s “mind only” doctrine...

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...y, and postcolonial critique. Mummified remains occupy a singular position in the archaeological imagination, serving as both material artefacts and metaphysical constructs. The Lucknow specimen, displaced from its original funerary context yet preserved within an Indian institutional framework, epitomises the complex interplay between cultural patrimony, colonial acquisi...

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...n Indian Museum Context Literature Review and Theoretical Framework Interdisciplinary Approaches to Mummification Anthropological and Museological Theories Death Transcended: Mummification as Theological Praxis The Osirian Theology of Resurrection Ritualistic and Spiritual Dimensions of Mummification The Lucknow Mummy’s Doctrinal Alignment Divinity Embodied: The S...

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...n in the archaeological imagination,serving as both material artefacts and metaphysical constructs. The Lucknowspecimen, displaced from its original f... ...iplinary Approaches to Mummification ● Anthropological and Museological Theories Pg no. 6-93. Death Transcended: Mummification as Theological Prax... ...gical StatementMummification was not merely a preservation technique but a metaphysicalassertion of identity beyond death. Assmann (2005) argues that ... ...nsights into the social construction of mortality, while Pierre Bourdieu's theorieson cultural capital illuminate the dynamics of power and prestige i... ...pology 7Anthropological and Museological TheoriesAnthropological frameworks decode mummification as social performan... ...ation in ancient Egypt was neither arbitrary norsimply pragmatic; it was a metaphysical necessity. Rooted in the Osiriantheology of resurrection, mumm...

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... has outlined a proto-object of communication. Sociology is the most powerful source of communication methodology: sociology has supplied most of the theories and methods that have led to the discipline of communication growing autonomously. We assert that secondary sources of communication are: philosophy, ethics, pragmatics, mathematics, cybernetics and ecology....

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...taken them for granted by lack ofsomething else. It has even borrowed some sectorial theories. It hasbecome accustomed to making use of those theories... ...ries and to employ thosemethods, for investigation and justification. The respective theories andmethods have turned the discipline of communication i... ...most powerful source of communicationmethodology: sociology has supplied most of the theories and methodsthat have led to the discipline of communicat... ...s to consolidate it’s object .and to build its own specific theories, methods and instruments of study.In this approach, comm... ...arted to giveimportance to situation factors. These approaches are known assituation theories. They are named, as well, contextual theories,because th... ...texts notvery difficult to understand, but with a powerful and commandingmusical and metaphysical effect and impact upon the learners,teachers and aud...

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...nd time) and understanding (his twelve categories), are here all subjected to rigorous logical evaluation and found deeply flawed – and more coherent theories are proposed in their stead....

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...dto rigorous logical evaluation and found deeply flawed – andmore coherent theories are proposed in their stead.This essay is drawn from the author’s ... ...hypothesizing is illegitimate, all the more so isspeculation (be it metaphysical or otherwise). For aspeculative thesis is not on... ...oreprecisely, conceive) things, as we later discover. Many of ourideas and theories have turned out to be in error, though weadhered to them for very ... ...cover and correct the errorsconcerned.Our conceptions and more largely our theories may of coursealso affect things indirectly, ex post facto, by infl... ...ty, I amnot like many philosophers before me denying him or us theright to metaphysical speculation (or even some sort of directtranscendental conscio... ...oretically, we imply them to be analogous in somerespect(s). New ideas and theories are formulated bysuccessive analogies; they cannot be invented ... ...-mentioned transition from features of propositions to facts ofreality as “metaphysical deduction”. It is important to dwellon this phrase, because it... ... from themcorresponding facts of reality (referred to by the adjective“metaphysical”).5050 This is comparable to Descartes’ cogito... ... expected that Kant would present the logicalcategories as determining the metaphysical categories, ratherthan the reverse. He was just describing his...

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... induction, causation, necessity, the self and freewill. These are here pointed out and critically analyzed in detail – and more accurate and logical theories are proposed. The present work also includes refutations of Hempel’s and Goodman’s alleged paradoxes of induction....

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...inted out and critically analyzed in detail –and more accurate and logical theories are proposed.The present work also includes refutations of Hempel’... ...octrine underdiscussion, it is because my emphasis is on proposingcoherent theories rather than lingering on incoherent ones.David Hume is undoubtedly... ...uch. The true scientist remains humble and opento correction.Our ideas and theories have to be, as Karl Popper put it, notonly verifiable but also fal... ..." 17conceptualizes, generalizes and proposes theories, hecompares his favored theories to other ... ... he gives reasons(observations and arguments) for preferring his theories, andso forth. All that is – induction. Thus, the very methodologyh... ...e at the superficialphenomenological level, while the latter reigns at the metaphysicallevel of ultimate reality. THE PRINCIPLE OF INDU... ...is method is the same for knowledge of matter or mind, of earthlyissues or metaphysical ones, and so forth. The principle is thesame, whatever the con... ...n-contradiction is in fact never breached. Therefore, noepistemological or metaphysical difficulty arises.The problem raised by the wave-particle dual...

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...I. INTRODUCTION: MATHEMATICAL CONSTRUCT STRATEGIES FOR GRAPHING LITERARY INTERPRETATION THEORIES INTO A VISUAL FIGURE, DEFINING TERMS 1 II. MAPPING LITERARY THEORY: DEFINING THE BODY OF LITERATURE, Ln, AND MESSAGE, EMBODIED IN ART, Ln 10 III. FORMING THE X AXIS: SETTING VALUES FOR X AS SIGN, SIGNI...

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...hensive enough ixto satisfy all theories or one that offers a method of how to add together all the vari... ...nt gap found in reasoning from a connectionand insights they had created. The theories were created together. Collectively theyexist, and that is how ... ...ATHEMATICAL CONSTRUCT STRATEGIES FOR GRAPHING LITERARY INTERPRETATION THEORIES INTO A VISUAL FIGURE, DEFINING TERMS ..................... 1 II... ...GURES PAGE 1. X,Y,Z Grid Of All Theories Organized ........................................................ .................................................... 8629. X,Y,Z Grid Of All Theories Organized ........................................................ ...et is to understand motivationscommon to all humanity. According to the metaphysical or epistemologicalinterpretation -- critics wish to “see in... ... signifiers (either as simple singular orcomplex strings), and looking at the metaphysical (ontology, cosmology, andepistemology) dimension in relatio...

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...Marxism-Leninism is a system of scientific opinions and theories which were built by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, and defended and developed by Vladimir Ilyich Lenin. Marxism-Leninism was formed and developed by interpreting reality as well as building on preceding ideas. It p...

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... Constituent Parts Marxism-Leninism is a system of scientific opinions and theories which were builtby Karl Marx1 and Friedrich Engels2, and defended ... ...y from all forms of oppression. Marxism-Leninism is made up of three basic theories which have strong relationshipswith each other. They are: Philosop... ...m through the leadership of the proletariat. Even though these three basic theories of Marxism-Leninism deal with different sub-jects, they are all pa... ...ar more for the part of a bribed tool of reactionary intrigue.” Political Theories, an official journal of the Ho Chi Minh National Institute of Poli... ...information. One of Hegel’s important achievements was his critique of the metaphysical method. Annotation 8 Metaphysics is a branch of philosophy t... ...ality by classifying things, phenomena, and ideas into various categories. Metaphysical philosophy has taken many forms through the centuries, but one... ...as taken many forms through the centuries, but one com- mon shortcoming of metaphysical thought is a tendency to view things and ideas in a static, ab... ...ought is a tendency to view things and ideas in a static, abstract manner. Metaphysical positions view nature as a collection of objects and phenomena... ...Bacon and Locke from natural science to philosophy, it begot the narrow, metaphysical mode of thought peculiar to the last century. Francis Bacon (...

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.... . . . . .2 Global Political Trends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 2 CONVENTIONAL THEORIES OF WAR AND WAR AVOIDANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Conventional Thinking on the Cause of War . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Conventional Approaches to War Avoi...

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... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2 CONVENTIONAL THEORIES OF WAR AND WAR AVOIDANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... ...us plague with a ubiquitous presencethroughout human history. Many popular theories contributeto our understanding of the causes of war, but none have... ..., 27. 8 Chapter 2 Conventional Theories of War and War Avoidance To avoid this State of War .... ...the intercourse of the human race” that 19CONVENTIONAL THEORIES OF WAR“can never be separated from political intercourse.”9 Clause... ...ves that poli- 20 CONVENTIONAL THEORIES OF WARtics must continue and that war cannot, he unfortunately doe... ...was based upon intuition, philosophy, reason, and observa-tion driven by a metaphysical desire to understand and cham-pion human liberty and freedom. ... ...ities of empirical data, 161CONCLUSIONeconomic theory, metaphysical reasoning, and the dynamics ofhuman behavior as they relate to...

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...l approach through the concept of tacit knowledge developed by scientist Michael Polanyi. In the Methodology section there are various methodological theories with an emphasis on structural analytical techniques, and some analogies with science, archeology, business and medicine. In Conclusions I argue on the possibility of a more scientific approach to methods of intellig...

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...h, document information, and document metadata, as well as search in relational databases and the Internet. Each type of search has its own features, theories, practices and technologies. Access to information is a field of research aimed at automating the processing of large and cumbersome amounts of information and simplifying users' access to them. The information archi...

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...d by scientist MichaelPolanyi. In the Methodology section there are various methodological theories with an emphasison structural analytical technique... ... search in relational databases and the Internet. Each type of searchhas its own features, theories, practices and technologies. Access to information... ... model was designed to "prompt new insights... and give rise to morerefined and applicable theories of information seeking." (Leckie, Pettigrew, and S... ...item and, therefore, a proper threat ontology must be constructed inaccordance with formal metaphysical principles that can speak to the complexities ... ...apacity and opportunity are in a formal relationship fundamentaldependence. The capture of metaphysical relationships, such as fundamental dependence,... ...s (Busenitz and Barney 1997) so that national intelligence services can take onmany of the theories and techniques developed in the field of competiti... ...m intelligence services is knowledge management, involved ina rigorous debate on concepts, theories and approaches to knowledge and its use. Knowledge...

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...An introduction to moral, political and economic philosophy. Twelve philosophers in each category are featured, their basic theories are examined and provide the basis for discussion....

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...is text we shall undertake the study of some political,moral, and economic theories. These basic ideas, as put forth bysome of the great thinkers of w... ...estions about truth, knowledge, theuses of knowledge, have yielded several theories, some of whichwe will discuss in this chapter. There are two bro... ...ories, some of whichwe will discuss in this chapter. There are two broad theories about truth: one, that truth isobjective; the other, that truth is... ...ical contention that we cannot know.) We will discuss briefly some of the theories about the natureof truth and how we come to know it. Idealism is ... ...en­tial worth (value) of banging one’s head against a wall. The preceding theories are some of the more common ap­ Ep... ...isconcept of sense experience, the limitations of reason, and hisbelief in metaphysical nihilism. He was a skeptic in metaphysicsbecause he believed t...