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... time. Gödel's First Incompleteness Theorem states that every consistent axiomatic logical system, sufficient to express arithmetic, contains true ... ...mpleteness Theorem is even more earth- shattering. It says that no consistent formal logical system can prove its own consistency. The system may be ... ...dox in the "Principia Mathematica", ostensibly a comprehensive and self consistent logical system. It was enough to discredit the whole magnificent... ...cal logician, Kurt Gödel (1906-1978) dealt with the completeness and consistency of logical systems. A passing acquaintance with his two theorems w... ... time. Gödel's First Incompleteness Theorem states that every consistent axiomatic logical system, sufficient to express arithmetic, contains true ... ... exception: when something bad happens to the robot, its owner is shielded from the consequences by some kind of "firewall", or in-built defense. I... ...bly, bacteria and insects exert on Nature far more influence with farther reaching consequences than Man has ever done. Still, the "Law of the Mini... ...ranscendentalist spiritual connection with the inanimate (whatever that may be). In consequence, they refuse to intervene to counter or contain natu... ...he process. Like any psychopath, the USA believes that it should be immune to the consequences of its misconduct abroad. Hence its shock when al-Q...
...ype of destruction that society has inflicted on women’s bodies. 9 The consequence has been that intrauterine life, for both women and men, is no... ...hate deadlock, and they were overcome by desperation, with its most direct consequence: suicide. In this situation, we see this problem acted out in... ...t in this life, on this earth. The important thing is that joy is a direct consequence of love and love implies a transformation. Isn’t it true that... ... ambivalent position towards their mothers, from birth onward. The possible consequences are either desperation, caused by a lack of faith that this ... ...at else are neurosis, psychosis, psychosomatic illness etc. except for the consequences we pay for having had to submit to the demands of the Psycho... ...e as a therapeutic process becomes like a regression, it breaks with every logical process. While you were talking, I was thinking about R. Laing’s ...
...s to read “our daily paradoxes” Smarandache has not certainly referred to the logical, mathematical or linguistic meaning of the word/notion “parado... ...y creation plan. A sulking and introverted nature as that of Ion Barbu could, logically, straighten and aspire only towards a somehow utopian world;... ...erican playwright, without having claims to destroying myths, has unexpected consequences, as the result is almost a tragicomedy, in what the antiq... ... postmodernity- reality and term also large, having a historic and social, in consequence, first of all, a temporal motivation. This finding couldn’t... ...ncipation, of autonomy. Moreover, it is suggested the idea of a chronological consequence. G. Bajenaru in his study “The paradoxist post-modernism (... ...tions or emphasized through paradoxist means, replace the ample, rational and logical poems of the postmodernism. Only an attentive eye, a subtle mi... ...geous disputes for the latter. Thus, the new (post)industrial world supposes, logically, the performance (not only at an intentional level) as well a... ...eption, fore the romantic revolution”(p.8). The next reader’s question appears logically: what else will follow after the loop’s closing? If we admit...
...art of a National Science Foundation grant proposal for Interdisciplinary Logical Sciences. 1.2. Neutrosophy, a New Branch of Philosophy A) Etymo... ...etting all possible states from <P> to <Non-P> until <Anti-P>. And, as a consequence, for any two propositions <M> and <N>, there exist two referen... ...And, later, others will reinstall it back... Consequently, philosophy is logically necessary and logically impossible. Agostoni Steuco of Gubbio w... ...es to interpret each notion or theory by tracing its respective practical consequences". We mean to know reality through thought, and thought throug... ...y propositions (theorems, lemmas, etc.) (p 1 ), (p 2 ), ..., (p m ), by logical combinations of its axioms. Developing [C], we find all proposit... ...we find all propositions of [P] (p 1 ), (p 2 ), ..., (p m ), resulted by logical combinations of (a 1 ), (a 2 ), ..., (a n ), moreover other propos... ...), moreover other propositions (r 1 ), (r 2 ), ..., (r t ), resulted by logical combinations of (b) with any of (a 1 ), (a 2 ), ..., (a n ). Si... ...eterminacy, not only <good> or only <bad> - with rare exceptions, if its consequence is G% happiness (pleasure). In this case the action is G%-usef... ...by its conformity to given binding rules (deontology), and equally by its consequences. The same sentence is true in a reference system, and fa...
... is null and void. Any actions which are intended to terminate it and to annul its consequences should be legally and morally permissible. The sam... ...atements cannot be derived with certainty from any negative statement. This formal-logical trait reflects a deep psychological reality with unsettl... ...t. This formal-logical trait reflects a deep psychological reality with unsettling consequences. A positive statement about one's affiliation ("I ... ...nd self-aggrandizement, and the reification and embodiment of said subversion. The logical outcome is to call for the overthrow of all political sy... ...ute them. They dedicate all their attention to the immediate and ignore the future consequences of their actions. In other words, their attention a... ...g and, therefore, regards himself as omnipotent, omniscient and protected from the consequences of his own acts (immune) – the personality disorder... ...: a series of potentialities with attached probabilities, the potentials being the logically and physically possible products. What can we learn a... ...stitute a theory and produce falsifiable predictions. A metaphor is also subject to logical and aesthetic rules and to the rigors of the scientific ... ...its inclusion in the definer) is the very definition of a tautology, the gravest of logical fallacies. On the other hand: if such an external sour...
...m the surname Empiricus would have been more appropriate, if it was given in consequence of prominence in the Empirical School. Sextus is known to th... ...ity to consist in subjective experience, but he does not follow this to its logical conclusion, and doubt the existence of anything outside of mind.... ...er of argument, by which the Sceptics arrived at the condition of doubt, in consequence of the equality of probabilities, and he calls the Tropes, th... ...stly be found in other authors of antiquity given in a similar way. [5] The logical result of the reasoning used to explain the first Trope, is that... ...not with equal understanding of the results to be deduced from it. [3] The consequence of the incompatibility of the mental representations produce... ...ted to Agrippa is a marked one, and shows the entrance into the school of a logical power before unknown in it. The latter are not a reduction of th... ...heories of Pyrrhonism, while the five are rather rules of thought leading to logical proof, and are dialectic in their character. We find this distin... ...points to an objective relativity, but with Agrippa to a general subjective logical principle. The originality of the Tropes of Agrippa does not lie... ...al assertion, Σεκεῖνλ νὐθ εἶλαη, [4] and proceeds to introduce the logical consequence of the denial of aetiology. The summing up of the Tropes of ...
... Propositions Section 2 The Law of the Excluded Middle Section 3 Logical Equivalence Section 4 Well-Formed Formulas or WFFs Sectio... ...sophic Logic Section 1 Definition of Neutrosphic Logic Section 2 Logical Connectives in Neutrosophic Logic Section 3 Algebraic Propertie... ... 1 Classical Logic Section 1 Propositions In classical logic, a logical variable is restricted to the values of true(T) and false(F). The ... ...ry in the result column, there are 2 n different Boolean functions for n logical variables. Given the truth values in the column above the 5, ... ...on 1.1.4: In the expression p → q, p is known as the antecedent and q the consequence. The implication is often described as the if-then connective. ... ...on ( p /\ q ) \/ ( ¬ p /\ ¬q ). The ↔ connective can also be considered logical equality. Exclusive or (^) can be considered logical inequality ... ...is no middle between the two “extreme” values of true and false. One consequence of this law is the concept of a vacuous proof. What this means ... ...It is interpreted as a statement that if the antecedent is true, then the consequence is also true. The statement is then false if the antecedent is... ...also true. The statement is then false if the antecedent is true, but the consequence is false. With this notion, if it is not possible to prove the...
...ts effectiveness, I followed two main paths: (1) The refutation of reductionism, determinism, and indeterminism: I presented numerous empirical and logical arguments which show beyond doubt that these are false. This is very important, because I am convinced that the apparent paradox about free will arises because of false and unquestioned presuppositions about the truth...
...ALLAH KNOWS ALL THINGS 145 2.2.10 ALLAH IS AWARE 145 2.2.11 IMPLICATIONS OF CREATION 147 2.2.11.1 ALLAH EXECUTES AND ESTABLISHES THE TRUTH AND ITS CONSEQUENCES. 147 2.2.11.2 ALLAH’S PERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS WITH INDIVIDUALS. 153 2.3 EXISTENCE AND PHYSICAL REALITY IN ISLAM 153 2.4 ISLAMIC HOLISM 154 3 FREE WILL 156 3.1 DEFINITION OF FREE WILL 157 3.1.1 GENERAL CONSID...
...ry Apocalypse gave humanity the greatest lesson and example of ignorance’s consequences, too. So that humanity will really think twice before repeatin... ...s grip ; and the walls of imaginary I, one by one, begin to fade. And as a consequence, more and more abilities to perceive and realize God wake up in... ... particle to have almost the same characteristics as God Himself. And as a consequence, each and all that is here is in a direct touch with God. It is... ... whole universe have not exactly the same characteristics as God. And as a consequence, each and all that are here are not in a direct touch with God.... ...mited duration, limited relations, concepts, knowledge, etc. 32 And as a consequence, every personal form here is separated from all other forms and... ...d easy. “But what about Goodness!” we shall ask, admitting no gaps in our logical thinking. Well, the constant repeating of the prayer, “God! God! Go...
...ical principles, any existential model presupposes its building through a logical construction* based on a non-contradictory assertional system*, as ... ...is hypothesis enables us, for example, to explain the phenomenon whereby a logical entity memorizes, paradoxically, more accurately the events from a... ...r than the length of the perpendicular from P to the primary limit. It is logical to designate the XY 9 segment of a maximum length (when P attai... ...ly explain the exceptional performances of some rational entities. It is logical to admit that famous rational entities such as Galileo Galilei, Leo... ...d reincarnation, can be the particular expression of a natural, inherent, logical and necessary process for the evolution of rationality within the ... ...itual reality, and that of permanet stochastic movement would be devoid of consequences, so that the MESER concept would have provided them randomly ... ...ity. The principles governing spiritual reality, far from being devoid of consequences, have the role of determining within the material reality, a ... ...ty is not increased. Nevertheless, the above mentioned scenario bears the consequence that the OX section of the XY area corresponding to the intell... ...the intellectual-affective activity is greater than the OY section – this consequence provides the possibility, for the entity in question, upon a ne...
...ery measurement because such communication would have to be superluminal. The only logical conclusion is that all the information relevant to the d... ... the issue of infinity and finiteness. The number of points in a line served as the logical floodgate which led to the development of Set Theory by ... ...eld and the representations of the world in the language field (that is to say, the consequences of repression). All three are, therefore, Activatio... ...ster or a network when they materialize. They can, however, relate to each other a- logically (negation or contradiction) and still constitute a pa... ...ied by another structure at the exact, infinitesimal, moment of realization. The consequence: only one of two exogenous events, which share the s... ...l-inclusive and all- pervasive. Nothing is outside its orbit and everything that is logically and physically possible is within its purview. If some... ... outcomes of appropriately designed experiments. Their explanatory powers are of no consequence. Positivists ascribe meaning only to statements that... ... confidence in a scientific theory or not. Is the theory aesthetic (parsimonious), logical, does it provide a reasonable explanation and, thus, doe... ...ething which is known to the believer to be true) versus implicit one (in the known consequences of something whose truth cannot be known). Truly, w...
...trongly resemble neural networks, and they have powerful and far-reaching consequences as a mathematical tool for modeling complex systems. Prof. Ba... ... this stimulus input vector with FCM matrix, K.C. Lee et al [65] obtain a consequence vector as follows: (0, 0, 0, 0, 0.3, 0, – 0.3, 0.5) × FCM ma... ...3, 0, – 0.3, 0.5) × FCM matrix = (– 0.5, 0, 0.24, 0, – 0.08, 0, 0). The consequence vector may be interpreted such that changes in those three fact... ... vector can be organized into (0, 0, 0, – 0.1, 0.3, 0, – 0.3, .2). Then a consequence vector may be obtained as (– 0.15, .02, 0, – 0.24, 0, –0.12, 0... ...∩ M j ) ⊂ ( ~ Q j ∩ M j ). Here “⊂” stands for fuzzy set inclusion (logical implication). For brevity, fuzzy causal relationship is abbreviate... ...ity, fuzzy causal relationship is abbreviated as FCR in the following. Logical implication has an antecedent (or premise) and a consequent (or con... ...t (or premise) and a consequent (or conclusion). A typical example of the logical implication is “If A, then B”. In the logical implication, there a... ...quence: negation of A (or ¬ A). The FCR is more complicated than the logical implication. 1. Modus tollens does not hold in the FCR. “When mi... ...ble for relations between several concepts are indeterminate). 2. In a logical implication “If A, Then B”, we cannot draw inference in case when ...
...onship to each other of objects 10 therein – essential in essence to our logical comprehension of our physical location in relation to the world,... ...tioning on a physical level with our reality. Cause precedes effect in a “logical” fashion which enables us to predict and interact with our enviro... ... – out of time as we know it – and therefore experience at first hand the consequences of their own actions. Many people come away from this r... ...ave undergone N.D.E.s say that time is greatly compressed, as if it has no logical meaning. A description of time in this realm, wherever it is, is...
...ts with those to physical property. (I outline that process and its negative consequences in the next chapter.) They will argue, and again I agree, th... ...1.qxd 8/28/08 11:04 AM Page 19 milk, you cannot. Excludable property is, logically enough, property from which others can easily be excluded or ke... ...might, during sixty years, to Boswell’s eldest son. What would have been the consequence? An unadulterated copy of the finest biographical work in the ... ...om the same evidence” or from extending those arguments and developing their consequences. In a line that Hesse rightly highlights, he declares that a... ... of authors’ rights it turned out, in Hesse’s words, to reflect “an epistemo- logically impure and unstable legal synthesis that combined an instrument... ...century.” Poor Jefferson. How lucky we are to have Mr. Helprin to remedy the consequences of his lack of vision. Or perhaps not. Think of the way that... ...imply because they may be used to infringe copyrights. That, however, is the logical implication of their claim. The re- quest for an injunction below... ...ss to the property. The rules that forbid circumvention of these systems are logically, if not elegantly, referred to as the anticircumvention provisi... ... ing the operation of computers, a metaphor that enables us to imitate their logical processes. In the words of Wikipedia, “despite their simplicity—[...