...ant role in fuzzy relation equations. While the t-norm i may be interpreted as logical conjunction, the corresponding operation w i may be interpr... ... as logical conjunction, the corresponding operation w i may be interpreted as logical implication. The following basic properties 31 of w i ... ...practice. For example, in fuzzy reasoning [70], when the inference rule and the consequences are known, a problem to determine antecedents to be use... ...sible solutions according to some levels of plausibility is out of the scope of logical reasoning, strictly speaking. However one may for instance... ... 134 there are manifestations which are neither certain nor impossible and consequences of the presence of a given disorder d which are only po... ...n power of the model, we have to refine the non–fuzzy model in such a way that consequences (resp. manifestations) previously expressed as certain ... ...p. certainly absent) remain classified in the same way and where some possible consequences (resp. possibly present manifestations) are now allowed... ...ication, negation and a quantifier for generalization are used. As usual, those logical operators are characterized by the way they operate on the t... ... B ∧ t B ⊆ t A. (16) Introducing also the notation |= for (generalized) logical validity as in [28, 29] by |= A ≡ t A . ( 1 7 ) W...

...d terminal edges. For proof refer [11]. The following results are easy consequences of the above theorem. Result: [4]: Let G be any connecte... ... Machine Intelligence, 9 (1979) 149- 194. 75. Zhang, W.R., and S. Chen. A Logical Architecture for Cognitive Maps, Proceedings of the 2 nd IEEE ...

...could still possibly be explained away as “infinite loss” but there is no logically acceptable way to explain the log of a negative number if f(X) > ... ...e theory was originally stated in much generalized, abstract terms. As a consequence, it presented possible areas of application covering a number ... ...while dynamically they may be viewed as set-valued vector functions. If a logical proposition is said to be t% true in T, i% indeterminate in I and ... ...f p t at every t so as to minimize the total error. It is quite logical to assume that the p t values will have to be related in some way... ...oduct of the relative reward r (c n ) that the individual attaches to the consequences resulting from the choice c n , the likelihood that the choice... ... arbitrage opportunities over any significant length of time. By logical extension, considering a structured portfolio with n assets, the be... ...ow, Peterson, U.S.A., 1957. Festinger, L., J. M. Carlsmith. Cognitive consequences of forced compliance. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psycho... ...ooper. Motivational basis of dissonance: The singular role of behavioral consequences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 56, 1989: 899-9...

... megameters per second as "the speed of light," we paint ourselves into a logical corner in which light is automatically taken as the subject of dis... ... which can neither be reached nor exceeded by any real body." Then: "As a consequence of its motion the clock goes more slowly than when at rest. H... ...hat we can comprehend is my religion." [3] And are we to believe that our logical analyses are trumped by the Venerable Force, and further that Eins... ...r how you slice it. Born (1962, p. 254): "Thus the contraction is only a consequence of our way of regarding things and is not a change of a physica... ...he standpoint of existing knowledge, it is entirely possible, and it is a consequence of Einstein's new theory of relativity, that no signal can be ...

...od what I was saying. By referring to the universal constant c= 299.792 458 megameters per second as "the speed of light," we paint ourselves into a logical corner in which light is automatically taken as the subject of discussion even when it is not. The careful reader will know not to immediately think "light" when he hears or reads "the speed of light." But it is bett...