Full Text Search Details
...atements cannot be derived with certainty from any negative statement. This formal-logical trait reflects a deep psychological reality with unsettl... ...nd self-aggrandizement, and the reification and embodiment of said subversion. The logical outcome is to call for the overthrow of all political sy... ...: a series of potentialities with attached probabilities, the potentials being the logically and physically possible products. What can we learn a... ...stitute a theory and produce falsifiable predictions. A metaphor is also subject to logical and aesthetic rules and to the rigors of the scientific ... ...its inclusion in the definer) is the very definition of a tautology, the gravest of logical fallacies. On the other hand: if such an external sour... ...sion in the definer) is the very definition of a tautology, the gravest of logical fallacies. On the other hand: if such an external source of mea... ...d by econometric models. These either lack predictive powers or lapse into logical fallacies, such as the "omitted variable bias" or "reverse causa...

Excerpt Details
... treatise on logic; for that science originates in the misunderstandings which necessarily accompany the first efforts of speculation. Several of the fallacies which are satirized in it reappear in the Sophistici Elenchi of Aristotle and are retained at the end of our manuals of logic....

Full Text Search Details
...ich necessar- ily accompany the first efforts of speculation. Several of the fallacies which are satirized in it reappear in the Sophistici Elenchi of... ...ch passionate yearning was set in or- der and made ready for use. T o us the fallacies which arise in the pre-Socratic philosophy are trivial and obso... ... which they shed on the history of the human mind. There are indeed many old fallacies which linger among us, and new ones are constantly springing up... ...art of logic. Ancient logic would be the propaedeutic or gate of approach to logical science, nothing more. But to pur- 6 Euthydemus sue such specula... ... It is this stage of philosophy which Plato satirises in the Euthydemus. The fallacies which are noted by him appear trifling to us now, but they were... ...me when the human mind was only with great difficulty disentangled from such fallacies. 12 Euthydemus T o appreciate fully the drift of the Euthydemu...

Full Text Search Details
...ery measurement because such communication would have to be superluminal. The only logical conclusion is that all the information relevant to the d... ... the issue of infinity and finiteness. The number of points in a line served as the logical floodgate which led to the development of Set Theory by ... ...ster or a network when they materialize. They can, however, relate to each other a- logically (negation or contradiction) and still constitute a pa... ...l-inclusive and all- pervasive. Nothing is outside its orbit and everything that is logically and physically possible is within its purview. If some... ... confidence in a scientific theory or not. Is the theory aesthetic (parsimonious), logical, does it provide a reasonable explanation and, thus, doe... ...phemous, it is also presumptuous, futile, and, in all likelihood, wrong, leading to fallacies and falsities. Yet, even if our intelligence were perf...

Full Text Search Details
...itation of the style of Lysias, or as the derivations in the Cratylus or the fallacies of the Euthydemus are a parody of some contemporary Sophist. Th... ... is the object of these para doxes, some have answered that they are a mere logical puzzle, while others have seen in them an Hegelian propaedeutic o... ... or discovering an unexpected result. It also helps to guard us against some fallacies by show ing the consequences which flow from them. In the Parm... ...rocess is real, or in any way an assistance to thought, or , like some other logical forms, a mere figure of speech transferred from the sphere of mat... ...er, or rather, perhaps, would be incapable of understanding them. Numberless fallacies, as we are often truly told, have originated in a confusion of ...

Full Text Search Details
... 4 Sophist – Plato less the Sophist and Statesman had preceded? The swarm of fallacies which arose in the infancy of mental science, and which was bor... ...e. But he is not to be regarded as the original inventor of any of the great logical forms, with the exception of the syllogism. There is little worth... ...‘abscissio infinti,’ by which the Soph ist is taken, is a real and valuable logical pro cess. Modern science feels that this, like other processes o... ...n be caught in this way. But these divisions and subdivisions were favourite logical exercises of the age in which he lived; and while indulging his d... ...ed; and while indulging his dialectical fancy , and making a contribution to logical method, he delights also to transfix the Eristic Sophist with wea... ...d try our hand upon some more obvious animal, who may be made the subject of logical experiment; shall we say an angler? ‘V ery good.’ In the first pl...

Full Text Search Details
...ting the whole human race into heaven or hell for the greater convenience of logical division? Are we not at the same time describing them both in sup... ...mould human thought, Plato naturally cast his belief in immortal ity into a logical form. And when we consider how much the doctrine of ideas was als... ... one of words, it is not surpris ing that he should have fallen into verbal fallacies: early logic is always mistaking the truth of the form for the ... ...ly verbal, and is but the expression of an instinctive confidence put into a logical form:—’The soul is immortal because it con tains a principle of ...

Full Text Search Details
...idea of substance. 18. Different meanings of substance. I endeavour as much as I can to deliver myself from those fallacies which we are apt to put u... ...d disorder do not seldom cast a mist before our eyes, and impose upon our un- derstandings. If we consider, in the fallacies men put upon themselves, ... ... mode of the organs of speech. 12. This art has perplexed religion and justice. Nor hath this mischief stopped in logical niceties, or curious empty ... ...nnexion between homo and vivens by the intervention of animal. 672 Human Understanding Not the only way to detect fallacies. Indeed syllogism is thou... ...etect fallacies. Indeed syllogism is thought to be of necessary use, even to the lovers of truth, to show them the fallacies that are often con- ceale... ...lo- gism, or expert in mode and figure. And if syllogism were the only, or so much as the surest way to detect the fallacies of artificial discourses;...

Full Text Search Details
...ave the 60 Gargantua & Pantagruel same connection, for vice is evil. This logical rule being understood, take these two con- traries, joy and sadness... ...de in modo et figura. For lo, to this end serve the suppositions and parva logicalia. Pannus, pro quo supponit? Confuse, said Bandouille, et distribut... ...bstinate; but he took such course with them that, for all their ergoes and fallacies, he put their backs to the wall, gravelled them in the deepest qu... ...ia, inspire me at this time, re- store unto me my spirits; for this is the logical bridge of asses! Here is the pitfall, here is the difficulty , to h... ... had your eyes in your head, or I am very much out of my understanding and logical sense. It is a gallant thing to see the clearness of (wine, gold,) ... ... the speech of others, I will from that antecedent bring you to infer very logically a most absurd and paradoxi- cal conclusion. But let it pass; I wi...

Full Text Search Details
... expression on the other), and had re duced it to rules, grounded on the logical analysis of a sen tence. These rules he strongly impressed upon me... ...eory involving a contradiction in terms, prevents them from perceiving the logical conse quences of the theory. Such is the facility with which man ... ...er, my father put into my hands Condillac’s Traité des Sensations, and the logical and meta physical volumes of his Cours d’Etudes; the first (notwi... ...ervice to me, by compelling precision in conceiving and expressing psycho logical doctrines, whether accepted as truths or only regarded as the opini... ...a desire to promote the exercise of other mental faculties than the purely logical, he advised me to make my next exercise in composition one of the o... ...apable of preparing them for the press; in the same manner as his Book of Fallacies had been recently edited by Bingham. I gladly undertook this tas... ... which he made a liberal use, had been much struck with Bentham’s Book of Fallacies ; and the thought had occurred to him that it would be useful to ... ...tention, he very naturally addressed himself to the editor of the Book of Fallacies ; and Bingham, with the assistance of Charles Austin, undertook t... ...d, rehabilitated the name of Logic, and the study of the forms, rules, and fallacies of Ratiocina tion; and Dr. Whewell’s writings had begun to excit...

Full Text Search Details
...stence of depreciation is not suspected; and it is this which gives to the fallacies of the currency school, principally rep- resented by Mr. Attwood,... ...hat the definition of a science would occupy the same place in the chrono- logical which it commonly does in the didactic order. As a treatise on any ... ... definition of the science itself as should not be liable to well-grounded logical objections. From this remark, we cannot except the authors of eleme... ...itical Economy has remained des- titute of a definition framed on strictly logical principles, or even of, what is more easily to be had, a definition... ... one cause, a knowledge of the law of that cause would, unless there was a logical error in our reasoning, en- able us confidently to predict all the ...

Full Text Search Details
...e internally renounced, cannot send forth the open, fearless characters, and logical, consistent in tellects who once adorned the thinking world. The... ... is not needful for common men to be able to expose all the misstatements or fallacies of an ingenious opponent. That it is enough if there is always ... ...tion to slavery. What is called Christian, but should rather be termed theo logical, morality , was not the work of Christ or the Apostles, but is of...