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... B 5 1 Smarandache Loops W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology, Madras Chennai – 600036, I... ... A 3 A 4 A 5 2 The picture on the cover represents the lattice of subgroups of the Smarandache loop L 15 (8). The lattice of subgroups of... ... But for the Smarandache concepts one wouldn't have studied the collection of subgroups of a loop. This book can be ordered in a paper bound rep... ...ory of loops (groups without associativity), though researched by several mathematicians has not found a sound expression, for books, be it research ... ... are involved in the study of loop theory we have provided a wide-ranging list of papers in the reference. We expect the reader to have a good backg... ...ers in order to make them involved in the study of Smarandache loops. The list of problems provided at the end of each section is a main feature of ... ...e definition of lattice, modular lattice and the distributive lattice and list the basic properties of them. DEFINITION 1.3.1: Let A and B be non... ...h problems to researchers / students / algebraists and above all to those mathematicians who form the growing community of researching the Smarandac... ...two research problems which will be a major attraction to all Smarandache mathematicians. 1. Let L be a loop. Can we prove the notion of u.p and...
...The theory of loops (groups without associativity), though researched by several mathematicians has not found a sound expression, for books, be it research level or otherwise, solely dealing with the properties of loops are absent. This...
... FUZZY AND NEUTROSOPHIC ANALYSIS OF WOMEN WITH HIV/AIDS With Specific Reference To Rural Tamil Na... ... Rural Tamil Nadu in India W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology, Madras Chennai – 60003... ...c.in web: http://mat.iitm.ac.in/~wbv Florentin Smarandache Department of Mathematics University of New Mexico Gallup, NM 87301, USA e-mail... ... the interviews, views of experts and observations. This book is not only for mathematicians but also for sociologists, economists, human rights act... ...des which are unrelated. As the main motivation of the book is to reach non- mathematicians also, we have tried our level best to avoid cumbersome ... ...ral models and their analysis for our motive is that it should be read by non-mathematicians also. 81 Chapter Five INTERVIEWS OF 101 ... ...h her husband for 4 years. She says she cannot question him for he would not listen to her. He was so characterless that even he used to have sex w... ...o far he talked freely to us right in front of her, while she was attentively listening. But she looked cheerful and composed. He seemed to be more ... ...DS have contracted it only from their husbands (We don’t include CSWs in this list). This is in keeping with the gender inequality that is prevalent...
...Fuzzy theory is one of the best tools to analyze data, when the data under study is an unsupervised one, involving uncertainty coupled with imprecision. However, fuzzy theory cannot cater to analyzing the data involved with indeterminacy. The o...
...y Table 1A. Elliptic Parameters of S'. {θ θ θ θ = arcsin(v)} S' a b f 1 v a / b σ σ σ σ e a 1 co... ... Comparative Logic and Modern Quantum Theory T a b l e o f C o n t e n t s Page Abstract 4 Keyw... ...bstract 4 Keywords 4 1 . I n t r o d u c t i o n 4 - 5 2. The Smarandache Quantum Paradoxes ... ...be ordered in microfilm format from: Bell and Howell Co. (University of Microfilm International) 300 N. Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346, Ann A... ...31233-46-2 Standard Address Number 297-5092 Printed in the United States of America 4 G-DIMENSIONAL THEORY & THE SMARANDACHE QUANTUM... ...8 132 5.6 Hypothetical 24 13 104 78 206 7.583 The functional relationships listed in Table 2 define the number of octet, face and nucleo protons in... ... The noble functional relationship (29), corresponding to atomic number and listed in the last column of Table 3, indicates decreasing O/I ratio wit... ...dows, b) cross-sections, c) unravellings, are the principle methods used by mathematicians and physicists today. He also describes Hinton's search f... ... elementary particles significantly, Sec.4.(I.27). We now analyze the short-list of modern theory's virtual, unstable and/or undetected particles, f...
...The author's motivating interest the past few years has been the development and dissemination of G-dimensional theory (GDT). K. Toshihara, from Japan, proposed the concept of a paper defining G-Dimensional theory in relation to the Smarandache quantum paradoxes. After reviewing a draft, Dr. M. L. Perez, Editor of the ...
...RCH ON SMARANDACHE PROBLEMS IN NUMBER THEORY (VOL. II) PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIRST NORTHWEST CONFERENCE ON NUMBER THEORY Hexis ... ... Hexis Phoenix, AZ 2005 EDITORS: ZHANG WENPENG DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS NORTHWEST UNIVERSITY XI’AN, SHAANXI, P.R.CHINA LI JU... ...RSITY XI’AN, SHAANXI, P.R.CHINA LI JUNZHUANG, LIU DUANSEN INSTITUTE OF MATHEMATICS SHANGLUO TEACHER’S COLLEGE SHANGLUO, SHAANXI, P.R.CHINA ... ... MaJunqing This book is dedicated to Professor Florentin Smarandache, who listed many new and unsolved problems in number theory. Preface Arithme... ...ems plays a key role in the development of number theory. Therefore, many mathematicians show their interest in the Smarandache problems and they co... ...ER THEORY>, Vol. I, in September, 2004. That book stimulated more Chinese mathematicians to pay attention to Smarandache conjectures, open and solve... ...k (p k −1) 2 . Forthiscase,nisalsoasolutionoftheequationφ 2 (n) =nJ(n). (c) If n = p 1 p 2 ···p r p α r+1 r+1 ···p α k k with p 1 < p 2 < ··· < p r ... ...s[4] and [5]. In this paper, we define two new sets B = {n∈N,b k (n)|n} and C ={n∈N,n|b k (n)}. Thenweusetheanalyticmethodstostudythemean value propert... ...e infinite series involving the Smarandache type sequences. (The Editors) List of the Contributors Zhang Wenpeng Yi Yuan Xu Zhefen...
...For any positive integer n, let (n) be the Euler function, and am(n) denotes the Smarandache m-th power residues function of n. The main purpose of this paper is using the elementary method to study the number of the solutions of the equation (n) = am(n), and give all solutions for this equation....
... The First Book of Factoids First Published on the Links and Factoids Study List http://groups.yahoo.com/group/linknfactoid Sam Vaknin, Ph... ...from: Lidija Rangelovska – write to: palma@unet.com.mk Visit the Author Archive of Dr. Sam Vaknin in "Central Europe Review": http://www.ce-revi... ...samvak.tripod.com/ ISBN: 9989-929-40-8 Created by: LIDIJA RANGELOVSKA REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA C O N T E N T S I. A II. B III. C IV. D V... ...om/ ISBN: 9989-929-40-8 Created by: LIDIJA RANGELOVSKA REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA C O N T E N T S I. A II. B III. C IV. D V. E VI. F VII... ...XI. The Author XXII. About "After the Rain" A Abdication Crisis The love affair of Edward, Prince of Wales (Edward VIII) and Wallis Simpson in 1... ... pair of bodies for a Verthingall of crymsen Grosgrain." Queen Elizabeth had these listed in her garderobe: "A payre of bodies of black cloth of s... ...stolen works of art, payment cards, fingerprints and photographs, a terrorism watch list, a DNA database, disaster victim identification, internati... ...fter he ceased publishing altogether. http://www-gap.dcs.st- and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Newton.html http://www.newton.cam.ac.uk/newtlif... ...ted scholars throughout the ages - from Pythagoras, Kepler, and Penrose to current mathematicians dedicated to studying the Fibonacci numbers (perm...
Anthology of fascinating historical and scientific facts and links to relevant Web sources.
...traveling from one universe to another Sophia University of Rome 2 Published by The SOLARIS INSTITUTE of The SOPHIA UNIV... ...me 2 Published by The SOLARIS INSTITUTE of The SOPHIA UNIVERSITY OF ROME. (S.U.R.) Creative Commons Licence - Attribution-NonCommercia... ...icensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Noncommercial — You may not use this work for commercial pu... ...ese titles have been translated into English and placed in brackets { }. A list of all the authors books with a specification of those that already ... ...ability to create new transformative energy fields in whoever looks at it, listens to it, or lives it. Immortality is the impossible dream of every... ...ow the production of any type of music or harmony, nor does it allow us to listen with pleasure. What do we have to do to free ourselves of this ... ...earn how to refine the ability to listen to each one of these four voices; c) the group is a laboratory where one can listen to one’s own music (deep... ...tration of truths that will never be linear but will always be complex; c) maintain the complexity of the human phenomenon as a constant reference... ...beauty is and a need for it. Nuclear physicists, for example, as well as mathematicians and cosmologists, never accept a new theory unless they ar...
...This book is perhaps the one that is most difficult to understand with just one reading, because it contains a concentration of all of A. Mercurio’s innovative thought. It is difficult to make a short synthesis of this book, so here we will simply mention some of the papers presented by the Author that the book contains. The book opens with an “Inv...
...LINFAN MAO AUTOMORPHISM GROUPS OF MAPS, SURFACES AND SMARANDACHE GEOMETRIES American Research Press Rehobo... ...GEOMETRIES American Research Press Rehoboth, NM 2005 Linfan MAO Institute of Systems Science Academy of Mathematics and Systems Chinese Academy of Sc... ...f Sciences Beijing 100080, P.R.China maolinfan@163.com AUTOMORPHISM GROUPS OF MAPS, SURFACES AND SMARANDACHE GEOMETRIES Partially post-doctoral resear... ...s interesting. Its function and role in mathematics are widely accepted by mathematicians today. On the last century, many works are concentrated on t... ...e analytic functions to those of dianalytic functions first. Now let f : A−→C be a mapping. Write z = x+iy,x,y ∈R,i = √ −1,z = x−iy and f(z) = u(x,y)+i... ...x,y) f(z) = u(x,y)−iv(x,y)for certain functions u,v :A−→R. A mapping f :A−→C is analytic on A if ∂f ∂z = 0 (Cauchy-Riemann equation) and is antianlyti... ...S, each map φ i : U i −→ A i is a homeomorphism onto an open subset A i of C or C + ={z∈C :Imz≥0} and the transition functions φ ij =φ i φ − j :φ j (U... ...mine the conformal transformations on a Klein surface. The following table lists semi-arc automorphism groups of some well-known graphs, which give us...
...A combinatorial map is a connected topological graph cellularly embedded in a surface. As a linking of combinatorial configuration with the classical mathematics, it fascinates more and more mathematician’s interesting. Its function and role in mathematics are widely accepted by mathematicians today. On the last century, ma...
...nd Smarandache Sequences Editor’s Note This book arose out of a collection of papers written by Amarnath Murthy. The papers deal with... ...ath Murthy. The papers deal with mathematical ideas derived from the work of Florentin Smarandache, a man who seems to have no end of ideas. Most of... ... were published in Smarandache Notions Journal and there was a great deal of overlap. My intent in transforming the papers into a coherent book was ... ...On the Smarandache Divisor Sequences ………………… 61 1.13 An Algorithm for Listing the Smarandache Factor Partitions ………………… 62 1.14 A Program For... ...trated some properties. In this section, a computer program written in the C language will be presented. /* This is a program for finding number ... ...This completes the proof. 62 Section 13 An Algorithm for Listing the Smarandache Factor Partitions Definition: F x ’(y) is the n... ... d 1 , d 2 , d 3 , . . . d r be the divisors of N in descending order. To list the factor partitions of N, execute the following sequence of steps: ... ... of canonical forms, the proof for the general case will most likely give mathematicians many more sleepless nights. Along similar lines, the follow... ... problems in number theory based on prime numbers, which have been giving mathematicians sleepless nights all over the world for centuries. Here are...
...This book arose out of a collection of papers written by Amarnath Murthy. The papers deal with mathematical ideas derived from the work of Florentin Smarandache, a man who seems to have no end of ideas. Most of the papers were published in Smara...
...INPHYSICS A quarterly issue scientifc journal, registered with the Library of Congress (DC). This journal is peer reviewed and included in the abstrac... ...nal is peer reviewed and included in the abstracting and indexing coverage of: Mathematical Reviews and MathSciNet (AMS, USA), DOAJ of Lund University... ...534 (print) ISSN: 1555-5615 (online) 4 issues per annum Electronic version of this journal: http://www.geocities.com/ptep_online To order printed issu... ...niversity of New Mexico, 200 College Road, Gallup, NM 87301, USA Copyright c Progress in Physics, 2005 All rights reserved. Any part of Progress in ... ...lativity: A Theory and Experiments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 C. Castro On Geometric Probability, Holography, Shilov Boundaries and the F... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 R. T. Cahill, C. M. Klinger Bootstrap Universe from Self-Referential Noise. . 108 F. Smar... ...g it. The “origin”r 0 =0 has no intrinsic meaning. The relativists and the mathematicians have evidently failed to understand 4 S J. Crothers. On the ... ...e invariant under time refection ; 10. have a global time coordinate. This list must be augmented by a boundary condition at the location of the point...
...erimental physics, including related themes from mathematics. All submitted papers should be professional, in good English, containing a brief review of a problem and obtained results. All submissions should be designed in LATEX format using Progress in Physics template. This template can be downloaded from Progress in Physics home page http://www.geocities.com/ptep_online...
...As shown, experiments registered unmatter: a new kind of matter whose atoms include both nucleons and anti-nucleons, while their life span was very short, no more than 10-20sec. Stable states of unmatter can be built on quarks and anti-quarks: applying the unmatter principle her...
...MBER THEORY Felice Russo AMERICAN RESEARCH PRESS Lupton USA 2000 Wrongness of n vs n 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 0 200 400 600 800 1000... ... my doughters Gilda Aldebaran and Francesca Carlotta Antares To the memory of my brother Felice and my late uncles Raffaele and Angelo and my late ant... ...Angelo and my late ant Jolanda who surely would have appreciated this work of mine. 3 INTRODUCTION I have met the Smarandache's world for the first t... ...Is the number of those solutions limited or unlimited? If we indicate with C the number of solutions to 1) and with D the solutions to 2), evaluate: C... ... well have been the natural numbers. For many past aeons, philosophers and mathematicians have studied the sequence of natural numbers, uncovering sta... ... the natural numbers to construct the great edifice of modern mathematics. Mathematicians, in their search for these solutions, progressed beyond the ... ...rationale, transcendetal and complex numbers. However, the majority of the mathematicians recognize that the most important problems in mathematics to... ...• Is this sequence finite? Here are some heuristics which suggest that the list is finite if we exclude the repunit primes. Consider numbers n with d... ...conjecture is true for all even integers equal or smaller than 29 2 . The list of Ubasic program follows. 1 ' ********************************...
...I have met the Smarandache's world for the first time about one year ago reading some articles and problems published in the Journal of Recreational Mathematics. From then on I discovered the interesting American Research Press web site dedicated to the Smarandache notions and held by Dr. Perez (address: http://www.gallup.unm.edu/~smarandache/), the Smaran...
... Description of document: A History of U.S. Communications Security (Volumes I and II); ... ...: 23-December-2007 Released date: 10-December-2008 Posted date: 24-December-2008 Source of document: National Security Agency Attn: FOIA/PA ... ...Ft. George G. Meade, MD 20755-6248 Phone: (301)-688-6527 Fax: (443)-479-3612 Note: The meat of the material left after redaction starts at (PDF) ... ...ormation denied meets the criteria for classification as set forth in Section 1.4 subparagraphs (c) and (d) and remains classified SECRET and CONFIDEN... ... facts about that supposition. You've aUlleen the security ~&veats asserting that .Ithe enemy is listening", "the walls have ears", and the lib. ODe o... ...r on-there are some important limitations on our technology. We don't have that secure two-way "'list radio, for example. In talking of our objectives... ...of them. Let's look at a couple of codes: 1. The simplest kind, called a "one-part code", simply lists the plaintext meanings alphabeti cally (so tha... ...as a cadre of prot'euionals, including a liberal infusion of engineers, computer scientists, and mathematicians, in a sinlle oraamzation wbo would be ... ...estrained academic work. bas a potential for harm to our mission is because, it first1:1ass U.S. mathematicians, computer scientists, and engillCCrII ...
...This publication consists of a series of lectures prepared and given to interns and other employees by Mr. David G. Boak in 1966. Mr. Boak is uniquely qualified to discuss the history of the US COM_SEC because he has participated significantly in most...
...S AND NEUTROSOPHIC RELATIONAL MAPS W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology, Madras Chennai – 600... ...tm.ac.in web: http://mat.iitm.ac.in/~wbv Florentin Smarandache Department of Mathematics University of New Mexico Gallup, NM 87301, USA e-ma... ...m: Books on Demand ProQuest Information & Learning (University of Microfilm International) 300 N. Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346, A... ...r: 297-5092 Printed in the United States of America 3 CONTENTS D e d i c a t i o n 6 P r e f a c e 7 Chapter One ... ...cated to those few, young, not-so-influential, revolutionary scientists and mathematicians who support the newer paradigm shift HI 7 ... ...heir performance and property which are strictly analyzed and proved better by mathematicians. An insight into their work is provided. For more ple... ... a' (who may or may not be in fact the same individual), use checklist (i.e., a list where we enter the data of a particular person) for two persons... ...r two persons (patients) P j and P m (j = m or j ≠ m) as follows: a uses the list on P j a' uses the list on P m α vw = the number of item... ...83 BIBLIOGRAPHY In this book we have collected and utilized a comprehensive list of research papers that have dealt with the field of FRE. The ...
...The aim of this book is two fold. At the outset the book gives most of the available literature about Fuzzy Relational Equations (FREs) and its properties for there is no book that solely caters to FREs and its applications. Though w...
...e toate prin reviste de matematics romanesti sau strsine, iar unele prezentate chiar la congrese si conferinse nasionale cat si internasionale [vezi "Lista publicasiilor autorului pe tema tezei"). Ea se structureazs in patru capitole: - in primele trei capi tole se introduc noi funsii in teoria numerelor, se studiazs proprietssile lor, probleme nerezol vate legate de ele, ...
...arch Press Rehoboth 2002 1 W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai – 600... ...from: Books on Demand ProQuest Information & Learning (University of Microfilm International) 300 N. Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346, A... ...-2212 Sacele, Str. Harmanului 6., Brasov, Romania. Dr. Andrei V. Kelarev, Prof. of Mathematics, Univ. of Tasmania, Australia. Dr. Zhang Xiahong, Pro... ...6 The final chapter, a special attraction to researchers and algebraists is a list of open research problems. Most of the proposed problems are no... ...ns on all algebraic and mathematical structures are interesting to the world of mathematicians and researchers, so at this juncture we felt it would... ...act by t = sσ or t = σ(s). Algebraists often write mappings on the right, other mathematicians write them on the left. DEFINITION: The mappings ... ...finite group and H is a subgroup of G. Let h 1 , h 2 , ... , h r be a complete list of the elements of H, r = o(H). If H = G, there is nothing to pr... ... there is nothing to prove. Suppose, that H ≠ G, thus there is an a ∈ G, a ∉ H. List all the elements so far in two rows as h 1 , h 2, ... , h ... ...ension of Cauchy's Theorem. Thus Sylow's work interlinks the works of two great mathematicians Lagrange and Cauchy. The following theorem is one, wh...
...traction towards the Smarandache notions in general and Smarandache algebraic structures in particular. The Smarandache semigroups exhibit properties of both a group and a semigroup simultaneously. This book is a piece of work on Smarandache semigroups and assumes the reader to have a good background on group theory; we give some recollection about groups and some of its p...
...DACHE FUZZY ALGEBRA W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai – 600 036, I... ...ations and their Smarandache analogues. The pictures on the left, composed of concentric circles, depicts the traditional conception of algebraic str... ...picts the traditional conception of algebraic structures, and the pictures of the right, with their liberal intersections, describe Smarandache algeb... ...xpected), a strong negative reaction from some influential scientists and mathematicians—many of whom turned openly hostile. However, despite the co... ...spite the controversy, the subject also attracted the attention of other mathematicians and in the following years, the field grew enormously, find... ...th eleven distinct fuzzy algebraic concepts and in the concluding section list the miscellaneous properties of fuzzy algebra. The eleven fuzzy algeb... ...FINITION 1.1.4: The complement of a fuzzy set µ of a set X is denoted by µ c and defined as µ c (x) = 1 - µ (x) for every x ∈ X. We mainly give d... ...EFINITION [139]: Let G (S n ) = { g g is a fuzzy subgroup of S n and g (C (Π)) is a constant for every Π∈S n } where C (Π) is the conjugacy class ... ...ts are subgroups of S 3 , hence g is a fuzzy subgroup of S 3 . Further g (C(Π)) is constant for every Π∈S 3 and o (Im (g)) ≥ o (Im g (µ )) for ever...
...In this book, we study the subject of Smarandache Fuzzy Algebra. Originally, the revolutionary theory of Smarandache notions was born as a paradoxist movement that challenged the status quo of existing mathematics. The genesis of Smarandache Notions, a field f...
...Information Technology Tales By expanding the sharing of knowledge, time after time InfoTech upset the balance of power within m... ...L For becoming my smart, beautiful bride in 1949 and then giving fully of herself to me and our wonderful family incomparable love, care, feeding... ...ove, care, feeding, fun, and friendship. Also for her perceptive editing of my copy over many decades, especially during the writing of this book.... ... whence cometh language, the InfoTech that lets us dominate our planet? We listen. We easily hallucinate word boundaries. Spaces, such as you see in ... ...g information on page 620 and technology on page 1,211. (On page 621, it lists information science immediately before information theory. There‘s no... ...n any sounds-within-sounds that chimpanzees make. The Wondrous Nature Of Listening It‘s not just the act of speaking that‘s wondrous. As we lis... ...s and courts in the royal hierarchy. Seife suggests that these scribe-mathematicians probably gained control of the temple warehouses by being a... ... risen by now?‖ —Johann Carl Friedrich Gaus (1777–1855), ―the prince of mathematicians‖ The Missing Keys to the Science Chest If the alphabet ... ...spelled some of them but not all of them. They also had no zero, but some mathematicians in the Middle Ages used the word ―nulla‖ (Latin for none) i...
...This book also begins with that wondrous first Information Technology and then moves on to tales about the wonders of the written word—great stories, many of them likely new to most readers. In them, you‘ll find all the backgrounds, foregrounds, premises, conclusions, and surprises that make up the best and most valuable books....
...1. Did Water Monkeys Swim before We Spoke?-From whence cometh language, the InfoTech that lets us dominate our planet? We listen. We easily hallucinate word boundaries. Spaces, such as you see in writing, are absent from speech. Yet somehow we find it easy to make sense of speech. -- 2. The Gift of Memory-For millennia, mnemonics reigned over co...
...es Information Technology Tales By expanding the sharing of knowledge, time after time InfoTech upset the balance of power within m... ...L For becoming my smart, beautiful bride in 1949 and then giving fully of herself to me and our wonderful family incomparable love, care, feeding... ...ove, care, feeding, fun, and friendship. Also for her perceptive editing of my copy over many decades, especially during the writing of this book.... ... whence cometh language, the InfoTech that lets us dominate our planet? We listen. We easily hallucinate word boundaries. Spaces, such as you see in ... ...g information on page 620 and technology on page 1,211. (On page 621, it lists information science immediately before information theory. There‘s no... ...n any sounds-within-sounds that chimpanzees make. The wondrous nature of listening It‘s not just the act of speaking that‘s wondrous. As we liste... ...ngs and courts in the royal hierarchy. Seife suggests that these scribe-mathematicians probably gained control of the temple warehouses by being a... ...e risen by now? —Johann Carl Friedrich Gaus (1777–1855), ―the prince of mathematicians‖ The Missing Keys to the Science Chest If the alphabet ... ...spelled some of them but not all of them. They also had no zero, but some mathematicians in the Middle Ages used the word ―nulla‖ (Latin for none) i...
...This book also begins with that wondrous first Information Technology and then moves on to tales about the wonders of the written word—great stories, many of them likely new to most readers. In them, you‘ll find all the backgrounds, foregrounds, premises, conclusions, and surprises that make up the best and most valuable books. This boo...
...ace by Charles T. Le: 3 0. Introduction: 9 1. Neutrosophy - a new branch of philosophy: 13 2. Neutrosophic Logic - a unifying field in logics: 87 ... ...nifying field in sets: 112 4. Neutrosophic Probability - a generalization of classical and imprecise probabilities - and Neutrosophic Statistics: 11... ...painter Florentin Smarandache, especially because the treated subject was of philosophy - revealing paradoxes - and logics. He had generalized the... ...my paradoxist manifestos had a creative character, not at all nihilistic (C. M. Popa). The passing from paradoxes to paradoxism was documentarily de... ... affirm that I create lyrical texts, I hide them. People neither read nor listen to lyrical texts anymore, but they will read this volume because it... ...tations, aphorisms, some of them in a poetical form. (Main references are listed after several individual fragments.) It also introduces and explor... ...mathematics. Clean the awful data to see the beauty of the theorems. Non-mathematicians crinkle into the problems. In the philosophy of arts a... ...lecting anyone, or giving a negative vote - cutting all candidates on the list). # Tomorrow it will rain. This proposition is, say, 50% true accord... ...inetieth Session of the Nat. Seminar of Informatics of the Union of Bulg. Mathematicians and Fourth Scientific Session of the ''Mathematical Foundati...
...It was known to me his setting up in 1980’s of a new literary and artistic avant-garde movement that he called “paradoxism”, because I received some books and papers dealing with it in order to review them for the German journal “Zentralblatt fár Mathematik”. It was an...
...Paradoxism is an avant-garde movement in literature, art, philosophy, science, based on excessive used of antitheses, antinomies, contradictions, parables, odds, paradoxes in creations....
... Florentin Smarandache editor Proceedings of the First International Conference on Neutrosophy, Neutrosophic L... ...phic Probability and Statistics University of New Mexico - Gallup 1-3 December 2001 (sec... ... (second printed edition) FLORENTIN SMARANDACHE editor PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NEUTROSOPHY, NEUTROSOPHIC ... ...rs: I. Balacenoiu, Department of Mathematics, University of Craiova, Romania; C. Corduneanu, Department of Mathematics, Texas State University at Ar... ...wo before mentioned definitions one gets, what we would call, a binad of “ - c + ”: .( - c + )= {c-x: x %‘ * , x is infinitesimal} 4 {c+x: x %‘ * ... ...ot selecting anyone, or giving a negative vote - cutting all candidates on the list). Dialectic and dualism don't work in this case anymore. #3. An... ...s have been devoted to the theory of probabilities through the works of eminent mathematicians like J. Bernoulli (1713), A. De Moivre (1718), T. Bayes... ...f discernment cannot be fully described in terms of an exhaustive and exclusive list of disjoint elementary hypotheses. In such general case, no refine... ...om neutrosophics in the Set Theory, Probability, and Logic. Some of them are listed in the Dictionary of Computing [2]. Further development of t...
...As an alternative to the existing logics we propose the Neutrosophic Logic to represent a mathematical model of uncertainty, vagueness, ambiguity, imprecision, undefined, unknown, incompleteness, inconsistency, redundancy, contradiction. It is a non-classical logic. Eksioglu (1999) explains some of them: “Imprecision of the human sy...
...er Originally Published in 1981 by Praeger Publishers. 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS THE MARKETING OF IDEAS AND SOCIAL ISSUES 1 TABLE OF ... ...BLE OF CONTENTS 3 FOREWORD 6 PREFACE 7 GLOSSARY 9 INTRODUCTION 10 1 THE NATURE OF IDEAS AND SOCIAL ISSUES 12 ORIGINATION, MATURATION AND ADOPTIO... ...cope Broadening" Debate 22 Social Marketing: Two Meanings 23 A BROADENED TYPOLOGY OF PRODUCTS 23 The Typology 24 Implications 27 EXCHANGE TRANSAC... ...IAL MARKETING: THE ULTIMATE MARKETING 117 APPENDIX A 118 APPENDIX B 119 APPENDIX C 122 REFERENCES 126 ABOUT THE AUTHOR 134 6 FOREWORD Ph... ... press, nudism, consumer cooperatives, or "Join the Peace Corps." (a more complete list appears in Table 1.1.) It is also useful in the marketing o... ...ctor encompasses a large variety of "products" (see Table 1.1) and includes a long list of institutions engaged in the marketing of these products. T... ...mbeck and Howell 1976, p. 340). The distinction is reminiscent of and parallel to, C. Wright Mills' "private troubles vs. public issues.” Thus the ... ...istics and these are taken up in this section. But first some popular concepts are listed in Table 1.1. The ideas, causes and issues dealt with in t... ... usually experiment. Philosophers prefer inductive reasoning while physicists and mathematicians lean toward deductive methods. Medical practition...
...An idea is taken for granted in the scheme of things. Someone exclaims, "I've got an idea!" What is it that he has? From where did he get it? How was it transmitted? How might it spread to others? What will be the effect of the acceptance of the idea? These are some o...