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...The United States Air Force has long favored attacking electrical power systems.Electric power has been considered a critical target in every war since World War II,and will likely be nominated in the future. Historically, there have been four basic strategies behind attacks on national electrica...

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...1 INTRODUCTION . . . . 1 Notes . . . . . 3 2 NATIONAL ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEMS . . . . 5 Generation . . . . . . 5 Transmission . . . . . 7 Distribution . . . . . . 8 Control . . . . 8 Effects . . . . . 10 Notes . . . . . 12 3 ELECTRICAL POWER TARGETING IN THE PAST— ATTACKS IN TOTAL WAR ....

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...Strategic Attack of National Electrical Systems THOMAS E. GRIFFITH, JR. Major, USAF TH... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2 NATIONAL ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Generation . . . . .... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 5 TARGETING ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Failures . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 3 Generating and Transmission Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 4 North Korean Hydroele... .... . . . . . . . . 38Table 1 Comparison of German and Japanese Electric Systems . . . . . . . . 48 2 Case Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... ...al Power Targeting in the Past Attacks in Total War The first conceptual work in identifying specific strategic bombing targetsin general...

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... AIR SITY UNIVER Transport Bombers A Conceptual Shift inPrecision-Guided Munitions Delivery ... ...r Force weapons and aircraft will become more dependent on off-board,space-based sensors and systems for navigation and target guidance.Fifth, scenari... ..., and interpretability capabilities.21Said another way, penetrating platforms need defensive systems, sensors,offensive avionics systems, weapons, and... ...need defensive systems, sensors,offensive avionics systems, weapons, and command and control systemscapable of operating above the modern battlefield.... ...s capacity. Table 4 illustrates theactual commitment rates of the five major mobility weapon systems withinthe AMC for the last three and one-half yea... ...ific weapons types best suited for transport-bomber employment? Can the necessary employment systems andweapons be adapted to transports without dispr...

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... and Neutrosophic Probability Space 64 7.4. Generalization of Other Probability 65 8 Postscript: Schrödinger Equation and Quantization of Celestial Systems 67 Epilogue 76 Acknowledgment 78 References 79 Appendix I: An example of self-referential code 88 Appendix 2: Summary of bibliography of Non-Standard Logic 93 Appendix 3: List of some known paradoxes 95 Appendi...

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... 65 8 Postscript: Schrödinger Equation and Quantization of Celestial Systems 67 Epilogue 76 Acknow... ...oning in mathematics can yieldcontradictions, and it led to the creation of formal systems. The second,attributed to Epimenides, was adapted by Gödel ... ...n as an inherent contradiction (or,to be more precise: ‘logic inexactness’) in the conceptual foundation ofphysical theories. It is perhaps because mo... ...how Schrödinger equation could be generalizedto describe quantization of celestial systems. Here and there, along this book we put some known paradoxe... ...wertigen Systemen des Aussagenkalkuels" (Philosophical Observa-tions on Polyvalent Systems of Propositional Logic). In this paper the authorexplains h... ... 16 First of all, the use of Multi-Valued-logic to describe quantum systemshas been proposed by at least dozen of quantum physicists (i... ...uk/~history/Mathematicians/Lukasiewicz.html[11] Lum, E., “On thinking and making conceptual architecture,” http://www.gsd.harvard.edu/research/publ...

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...between two nodes or concepts but it fails to deal the relationbetween two conceptual nodes when the relation is anindeterminate one. Neutrosophic log... ...e calculus reasoningtechniques used in artificial intelligence (AI) expert systems. Itallows us to reason with sets instead of propositions. The fuzzy... ...ues directlyfrom problem domain sample data. Between cube theory is fuzzy-systems theory. A fuzzy setdefines a point in a cube. A fuzzy system define... ...rve asthe domain or range spaces of the fuzzy sets. We shall focus onfuzzy systems S: In → IP that map balls of fuzzy sets in In toballs of fuzzy set ... ...lls of fuzzy sets in In toballs of fuzzy set in I . These continuous fuzzy systems behave pas associative memories. The map close inputs to close outp... ...is a time varying FAM system.System parameters gradually change as the FAM systemsamples and processes data. Here we discuss how naturalnetwork algori... ...986) 260- 265.4. Akiyama, Y., Abe, T., Mitsunaga, T., and Koga, H., A Conceptual Study of Max-composition on the Correspondence of Base S...

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...nfinitely large integers. Nowadays there exist various many-valued logical systems (e.g., see Mali-nowski’s book [92]). However, non-Archimedean and p... ...escribe the basic proper-ties of non-Archimedean and p-adic valued logical systems proposed by them in[122], [123], [124], [125], [128], [132], [133].... ...rm approach as fuzzy ones andp-adic valued logics as discrete multi-valued systems. Let us remember that the first logical multiple-valued system is p... ...ic logic is a generalization of non-Archimedean and p-adic val-ued logical systems. In this book non-Archimedean and p-adic multiple-validities idea ... ...n propertyof two-valued logical calculi. Namely, it is possible to develop systems wherethe principle of classical logic, which entails that from cont... ... fuzzy logic and fuzziness was motivated in large measureby the need for a conceptual framework which can address the issue of uncer-tainty and lexica...

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...rosophic linguistic variables, neutrosophic decision making and preference structures, neutrosophic expert systems, neutro- sophic relia... ...te information not the indeterminate informationand inconsistent information which exists commonly in belief systems. For example, when we ask... ... 2122 CHAPTER 2. INTERVAL NEUTROSOPHIC LOGICsuch as expert systems, decision making systems a... ... AN APPLICATION OF INTERVAL NEUTROSOPHIC LOGIC 35where xi ∈ Xi. Fig. 2 shows the conceptual diagram for neutrosophi... ... i x i X i Figure 2.2: Conceptual Diagram for Neutrosoph... ...give one application based on the semantic notion of interval neutrosophic logic – the IntervalNeutrosophic Logic Systems (INLS) which is the generali... ...lational data model was proposed by Ted Codd’s pioneering paper [Cod70]. Since then, relationaldatabase systems have been extensively stu... ... M. L. Brodie, J. Mylopoulous, and J. W. Schmidt, On the development of data models, On Conceptual Modelling (1984), ...

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...“Neutrosophic Sets and Systems” has been created for publications on advanced studies in neutrosophy, neutrosophic set, neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic probability, neutrosophic statistics that started in 1995 and their applications in any field, ...

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... ISSN 2331-608X (online) Neutrosophic Sets and Systems An International Journal in Information Science ... ...School of Science, St. Thomas University, Miami, USA.“Neutrosophic Sets and Systems” Francisco Gallego Lupiaňez, Universidad Comp... ... Copyright © Neutrosophic Sets and Systems Neutrosophic Sets and System... ... Neutrosophic Sets and Systems, Vol. 13, 2016 Neutrosophic Sets and Systems An International Journal in Information Science and En... ... Copyright NoticeCopyright @ Neutrosophics Sets and Systems ademic or individual use can be made by any user wit... ...specíficamente en el Cantón Yaguachi existe un accionar de los modelos conceptuales que sostengan lasPablo José Menéndez Vera, Cristhian Fabián M... ...zables y arroz_maiz-2015.pdf.justificando el accionar de los modelos conceptuales que [5] Mohammadi, A., et al., Joint Life Cyclesostenga... ...E.C. and J.L. Alvarez, Los costes del ciclo de vida del producto: Marco conceptual en la nueva contabilidad de gestión. Revista española d...

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...“Neutrosophic Sets and Systems” has been created for publications on advanced studies in neutrosophy, neutrosophic set, neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic probability, neutrosophic statistics that started in 1995 and their applications in any field, ...

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... Volume 31, 2020 Neutrosophic Sets and Systems An International Journal in Inf... ...1-608X (online) Neutrosophic Sets and Systems An International Journal in... ...2331-608X (online) University of New Mexico Neutrosophic Sets and Systems An International Journ... ...e and Engineering Copyright Notice Copyright @ Neutrosophics Sets and SystemsAll rights reserved. The authors... ...sophics Sets and SystemsAll rights reserved. The authors of the articles do hereby grant Neutrosophic Sets and Systems non-exclusive,worldwide, royalt... ...ology is built by using BWM, MABAC and PROMETHEE II as mentioned in Figure 1. Figure.1. The overall conceptualization of the proposed appro... ...s into significant matrices which enables them toselect the best SI for the investor. Figure 1 illustrates the conceptual structure of the problem. ...

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...“Neutrosophic Sets and Systems” has been created for publications on advanced studies in neutrosophy, neutrosophic set, neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic probability, neutrosophic statistics that started in 1995 and their applications in any field, ...

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... Volume 38, 2020 Neutrosophic Sets and Systems An International Journal in Inf... ...1-608X (online) Neutrosophic Sets and Systems An International Journal in... ...2331-608X (online) University of New Mexico Neutrosophic Sets and Systems An International Journ... ...e and Engineering Copyright Notice Copyright @ Neutrosophics Sets and SystemsAll rights reserved. The authors... ...di@uobabylon.edu.iq * Correspondence: qays.imran@mu.edu.iqAbstract: The article processes the conceptualizations of neutrosophic cris... ...eature makes it a completely new mathematical tool for solvingproblems dealing with uncertainties. Smarandache conceptualized hypersoft set as a gener... .... Thisnovel concept used complex-valued state for the membership of its elements. Maji et al. [5]developed and conceptualized fuzzy soft set, a new hy... ...8] established aggregation properties of complex fuzzy softset and discussed their applications. Atanassov [9] conceptualized intuitionistic fuzzy set... ...osophic set and discussed its fun-damentals, theoretic operations and applications. Broumi et al. [14] conceptualized complexneutrosophic so...

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...“Neutrosophic Sets and Systems” has been created for publications on advanced studies in neutrosophy, neutrosophic set, neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic probability, neutrosophic statistics that started in 1995 and their applications in any field, ...

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... ISSN 2331-608X (online) Neutrosophic Sets and Systems An International Journal in Information Science and Engi... ...School of Science, St. Thomas University, Miami, USA.Neutrosophic Sets and Systems Francisco Gallego Lupiaňez, Universidad Complutense, Madri... ... Copyright © Neutrosophic Sets and Systems2 Neutrosophic Sets... ...ms2 Neutrosophic Sets and Systems, Vol. 16, 2017 Neutrosophic Sets and Systems ... ... Copyright Notice Copyright @ Neutrosophics Sets and Systems All rights reserved. The authors of the articles do hereby ... ... the technical, workflow, and contextual need to have an organized conceptual framework that characteristics of CDSSs, and the researc... ...cal Diagnosis of the Varieties of uncertainty in health care: a conceptual Complication of Malaria and Typhoid “, IOSR t...

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...“Neutrosophic Sets and Systems” has been created for publications on advanced studies in neutrosophy, neutrosophic set, neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic probability, neutrosophic statistics that started in 1995 and their applications in any field, ...

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... Volume 30, 2019 Neutrosophic Sets and Systems An International Journal in Inf... ...1-608X (online) Neutrosophic Sets and Systems An International Journal in... ...2331-608X (online) University of New Mexico Neutrosophic Sets and Systems An International Journ... ...e and Engineering Copyright Notice Copyright @ Neutrosophics Sets and SystemsAll rights reserved. The authors... ... hire in organization. The MULTIMOORA method is used tosolve personnel selection problem. In Fig. 1 represents conceptual flow of personnel selection ... ...od with neutrosophic. The phases for the hybrid approach are mentioned asfollows: Figure 1. conceptual flow of personnel selection ... ...wn fastest in recent years. Respectively, different inputs for innovation are analyzed, both empirically and conceptuallyfor the Ecuadorian case, wh... ... de Pereira, Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial, 2015. 16. Medina Nogueira, Daylin[et al.], «Modelo conceptual para la gestión del conocimi... ...y find therelationship/non-relationship between two nodes or concepts but fail to find the relation betweentwo conceptual nodes when the relationship ...

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...“Neutrosophic Sets and Systems” has been created for publications on advanced studies in neutrosophy, neutrosophic set, neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic probability, neutrosophic statistics that started in 1995 and their applications in any field, ...

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...2331-608X (online)ISSN 2331-6055 (print) Neutrosophic Sets and Systems An International Journal in Information Scie... ... United States Copyright © Neutrosophic Sets and Systems, 2019ISSN 2331-6055 (print) ... ... University of New Mexico Neutrosophic Sets and Systems An International Journal in Informat... ... Copyright Notice Copyright @ Neutrosophics Sets and Systems All rights reserved. The authors of the arti... ...hematics and Information Sciences, 10 (5), 1-10.[21] Carroll, A. B. (1979). A three-dimensional conceptual model of corporate performance. Academy of ... ... Extension Riobamba, Ecuador, E-mail: inccjuan2@hotmail.com Abstract. In the present work, a conceptualization was made on an exploratory model, wh... ...r realities as referred by [22]. These studies provide the professional with thetheoretical and conceptual tools they need to be efficient and with th... ...ss environment are grouped in Political, Economical, Social, and Technologicalaspects [1]. The conceptual structure and nature of PEST require an int... ...s a consequence of a legal and juridical system that proposes objective changes, based on a conceptual basis.N. Batista H., M. B. Ruilova C.; B. N...

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... ISSN 2331-608X (online) Neutrosophic Sets and Systems An International Journal in Information Science and En... ... etc —Expanding Concepts of Equation and Solution withManagement Systems ……………………………….… 3 Neutrosophy and Quad-stage Met... ... Copyright © Neutrosophic Sets and Systems Neutrosophic Sets and Sy... ... Neutrosophic Sets and Systems, Vol. 11, 2016 Neutrosophic Sets and Systems An International Journal in Information Science and Eng... ... for handling vague data: which one is better?". Conceptual[5] Olson, David L., and Desheng Wu. "Decision making with ... ...nked FRMs which is not feasible in case of FCMs. There are three sets of conceptual nodes in three spaces.This methodology is more adaptable in thos... ...the domain space with nodes andR be the range space with the conceptual This methodology is more adaptable in those cases ofnodes ... ... FRM relating and and if any edge relating ly i.e. cases where related conceptual nodes can be parti- Gaurav, Megha Kumar, Kanika Bhutani and Swat... ...der to implement our model using linked NRM,we take the same three sets of conceptual nodes in threespaces as taken in section 3.4 i.e. the spaces und...

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...“Neutrosophic Sets and Systems” has been created for publications on advanced studies in neutrosophy, neutrosophic set, neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic probability, neutrosophic statistics that started in 1995 and their applications in any field, ...

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... ISSN 2331-608X (online) Neutrosophic Sets and Systems An International Journal in Information Science and Eng... ...ma, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Egypt.“Neutrosophic Sets and Systems” Yanhui Guo, School of Science, St. Thomas University, Mia... ... Copyright © Neutrosophic Sets and Systems Neutrosophic Sets and System... ... Neutrosophic Sets and Systems, Vol. 12, 2016 Neutrosophic Sets and Systems An International Journal in Information Science and Eng... ... Copyright NoticeCopyright @ Neutrosophics Sets and Systems ademic or individual use can be made by any user with... ...w lightweight method for project effectiveness and success: toward a new conceptual security risk assessment based on fuzzy cognitive maps," ...

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...“Neutrosophic Sets and Systems” has been created for publications on advanced studies in neutrosophy, neutrosophic set, neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic probability, neutrosophic statistics that started in 1995 and their applications in any field, ...

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... 7 Neutrosophic Sets and Systems, 18/2017 Neutrosophic Sets and Systems $Q ,QWHUQD... ... ) DUH VWDQGDUG RU QRQ VWDQGDUG VXEVHWV RI @ > Neutrosophic Sets and Systems, 18/2017 Neutrosophic Sets and Systems $ 4XDUWHU... ..............««««««««« «« 80 Copyright © Neutrosophic Sets and Systems 3 Neutrosophic... ... Neutrosophic Sets and Systems, 18/2017 ... ...c Soft Matrix and its application to Decision Making Neutrosophic Sets and Systems, 18/2017 42 Preli... ...: IEEE 10thInternational Conference on Computer-Aided Industrial Designand Conceptual Design, Wenzhou, China, 3 (2009), 2057-2060. [45] Y. Guo, and H....

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...effect propositions are developed regarding time relationships, major functions of warfare, organizing schemes, levels of war, and simple and complex systems....

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...1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . 1 2 CONCEPTS AND TERMS . . . . 7 3 SYSTEMS APPROACH . . . . . . 27 4 EFFECTS: APPLICABILITY, COMPLEXITY, AND PLANNING . . . . . . 39 5 APRIMER ON EFFECTS . . . . 51 6 TARGET-EFFECT PAIRINGS AND MECHANISMS . . . . . . 63 7 COERCIVE FORCE APPLICATION AND EFF...

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... Force-Application PlanningA Systems-and-Effects-Based Approach JAY M. KREIGHBAUM, Major, ... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3 SYSTEMS APPROACH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ...RCE APPLICATION AND EFFECTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 8 FRAMEWORK FOR A SYSTEMS-AND-EFFECTS-BASED APPROACH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 D Linear versus Nonlinear: Conceptualizations of Cause-and-Effect Relationships . . ... ...ary Matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 F Systems Approach to Force-Application Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . .... ...ory of coercive FA that places theeffects-based methodology of FA in a larger conceptual construct. Thisportion of the argument is pivotal because it ... ...Force Doctrine Document 2-1.2, “Strategic Attack,” whichlays down much of the conceptual framework for effects-based thinking to the applicationof str... ...ed approach to FA, one must define anddevelop some key terms that make up the conceptual landscape of opera-tional art.1 One key concept implicit in t... ...and FA. Steven Metz andFrederick M. Downey have developed a useful scheme for conceptualizingCOGs.4 Their framework organizes COGs into the strate...

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... Rabounski and Larissa Borissova, independent researchers.“Neutrosophic Sets and Systems” W. B. Vasantha Kandasamy, IIT, Chennai, Tamil Nadu,... ... Copyright © Neutrosophic Sets and Systems Neutrosophic Sets... ... Neutrosophic Sets and Systems, Vol. 3, 2014 Neutrosophic Sets and Systems An International Book Series in Information Scien... ...g Copyright NoticeCopyright @ Neutrosophics Sets and Systems ademic or individual use can be made by any use... ...sion or charge. The authors of the articles publishedgrant Neutrosophic Sets and Systems non-exclusive, in Neutrosophic Sets and Systems ret... ...community. C9 However more number of conceptual nodes can beadded by the expert or investigator. Now we gi...

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... Copyright © Neutrosophic Sets and Systems Neutrosophic Sets and Syst... ... Neutrosophic Sets and Systems, Vol. 1, 2013 Neutrosophic Sets and Systems An International Book Series in Information Scien... ... Engineering Copyright NoticeCopyright @ Neutrosophics Sets and Systems academic or individual use can be made by any user ... ...served. The authors of the articles do hereby published in Neutrosophic Sets and Systems retain theirgrant Neutrosophic Sets and Systems non-exclusive... ...t ofthe articles in accordance with the Budapest Open Neutrosophic Sets and Systems howsoever used in otherInitiative: this means that electr... ...ive information in the system) and "information"of study the two resort the same conceptual arsenal. (information created socially and culturally... ...esearch brings a systemic-contextual elucidation to thefrom the one and the same conceptual vocabulary, then the relationship between communication... ...ic, categorical- case: in information communication never misses.ontological, conceptual and definitional epistemological In the most importan...

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... Copyright © Neutrosophic Sets and Systems Neutrosophic Sets and Systems, Vol. 2, 2014 pss-Head... ...4 pss-Header will be provided by the publisher12 Neutrosophic Sets and Systems34 An International Book Series in Informatio... ... Copyright Notice78910 Copyright @ Neutrosophics Sets and Systems academic or individual use can be made by any u... ...ed. The authors of the articles do hereby published in Neutrosophic Sets and Systems retain their13 grant Neutrosophic Sets and Systems non-ex... ... the articles in accordance with the Budapest Open Neutrosophic Sets and Systems howsoever used in other16 Initiative: this means that ele... ... ansome heights of Kargil in 1999 to derail the peace process application of the conceptual framework of theand draw international attention to the J... ...lly USA mediation in Kargil crisis in possible. The present paper provides the conceptual1999 and 2001-2002 mobilization crisis. framewo...

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...n Grey Relational Analysis are studied in third paper. In fourth paper, More on Neutrosophic Norms and Conorms. Similarly in fifth paper, Ideological systems and its validation: a neutrosophic approach is discussed. In paper six, Modeling and analyzing non-functional requirements interdependencies with neutrosofic logic is studied by the author. On Entropy and Similarity M...

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...Broumi, Univ. of Hassan II Mohammedia, Casablanca, Morocco.“Neutrosophic Sets and Systems” A. A. Salama, Faculty of Science, Port Said Uni... ...SA. Copyright © Neutrosophic Sets and Systems Neutrosophic Sets an... ... Neutrosophic Sets and Systems, Vol. 9, 2015 Neutrosophic Sets and Systems An International Book in Information Science and... ...ng Copyright NoticeCopyright @ Neutrosophics Sets and Systems ademic or individual use can be made by any us... ...ssion or charge. The authors of the articles publishedgrant Neutrosophic Sets and Systems non-exclusive, in Neutrosophic Sets and Systems re... ..., God exists, Black is Beautiful, and so on, cognitive map, is the set of conceptual tools. comprise the actual content of the ideologies ... ...id in its own right. Perceived consensus is a 2) An ideology has powerful conceptual properties,necessary but not sufficient condition for the...