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...In this work the authors apply concepts of Neutrosophic Logic to the General Theory of Relativity to obtain a generalisation of Einstein’s four dimensional pseudo-Riemannian differentiable manifold in terms of Smarandache Geo...

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...ra. It considers that every idea tends to be neutralized, balanced by ideas; as a state of equilibrium. Neutrosophy is the basis of neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic set which generalizes the fuzzy set, and of neutrosphic probability and neutrosophic statistics, which generalize the classical and imprecise probability and statistics respectively. Neutrosophic Logic ...

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...M STATEMENT . THE BASICS OF NEUTROSOPHY 1.1 Problem statement 5 1.2 The basics of neutrosophy 8 1.3 Neutrosophic subjects 13 1.4 Neutrosophic logic. The origin of neutrosophy 14 1.5 Definitions of neutrosophic 16 Chapter 2 TRAJECTORIES AND PARTICLES 2.1 Einstein’s basic space-time 18 2.2 Standard set of trajectories and particles. A way to expand the set 22 ...

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...This book was intended to discuss some paradoxes in Quantum Mechanics from the viewpoint of Multi-Valued-logic pioneered by Lukasiewicz, and a recent concept Neutrosophic Logic. Essentially, this new concept offers new insights on the idea of ‘identity’, which too often it ...

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...2 Lukasiewicz Multi-Valued-logic: History and Introduction to Multi- Valued Algebra 2.1 Introduction to trivalent logic and plurivalent logic We all have heard of typical binary logic, Yes or No. Or in a famous phrase by Shakespeare: “To be or no...

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...Contents Foreword 6 1 Introduction: Paradoxes, Lukasiewicz, Multi-Valued logic 7 2 Lukasiewicz Multi-Valued Logic: History and Introduction to Multi-Valued Algebra 10 2.1. Introduction to trivalent logic and plurivalent logic 10 2.2. History of Lukasiewicz and Multi-Valued Logic 12 2.3. Intro...

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...This book is organized into seven chapters. Chapter one is introductory in content. The notion of neutrosophic set linear algebras and neutrosophic neutrosophic set linear algebras are introduced and their properties analysed in chapter two. Chapter three introduces the notion of neutrosophic sem...

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...group. Example 1.3: Let N(Z2) = 􀂢Z2 􀂉 I􀂲 be a neutrosophic group under addition. N(Z2) = {0, 1, I, 1 + I}. Now we see {0, I} is a group under + in fact a neutrosophic group {0, 1 + I} is a group under ‘+’ but we call {0, I} or {0, 1 + I} only as pseudo neutrosophic groups for they do not have a proper subset which is a group. So {0, I} and {0, 1 + I} will be only cal...

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...This book has four chapters. Chapter one is introductory in nature, for it recalls some basic definitions essential to make the book a self-contained one. Chapter two, introduces for the first time the new notion of neutrosophic rings and some special neutrosophic rings like neutro...

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... group. Example 1.1.3: Let N(Z2) = 〈Z2 ∪ I〉 be a neutrosophic group under addition. N(Z2) = {0, 1, I, 1 + I}. Now we see {0, I} is a group under + in fact a neutrosophic group {0, 1 + I} is a group under ‘+’ but we call {0, I} or {0, 1 + I} only as pseudo neutrosophic groups for they do not have a proper subset which is a group. So {0, I} and {0, 1 + I} will be only cal...

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...In this book authors study and analyze the problem of school dropouts and their life after. The problems can by no means be analyzed by collecting the numerical data. For such data can only serve as information beyond that th...

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...The basic tools used in the analysis of the problem of school dropout and their life after are described briefly in this chapter. We provide also the references for these concepts. Bart Kosko introduced the Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCMs) in the year...

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...Preface 5 Chapter One INTRODUCTION 7 Chapter Two BASIC CONCEPTS 21 Chapter Three CAUSES OF SCHOOL DROPOUTS – A MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS 35 Chapter Four SCHOOL DROPOUTS AS CHILD LABOURERS 59 Chapter Five SCHOOL DROPOUTS AS RAG PICKERS USING FUZZY MODELS 79 Chapter Six PERFOR...

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...national anticorruption discourse is found to be broadly reflective of what can be called advanced liberal ideals of governing, the thesis enables an in-depth understanding of the manifold and complex discursive moves through which these particular ideals are constructed and advanced by the discourse....

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...cts are related to other negations, such as of non-positivist ways of acquiring knowledge and investigating corruption and possible counter-measures. In a political project that is structured consistently according to the presuppositions and findings of positivist, rational choice inspired research, any other ways of looking at the world [...] can only be risky and wrong a...

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...f international anticorruption discourse A theory of discourse – a theory of society Hegemonic strategy, stratagems and other discursive logics The IAC consensus from a post-Marxist discourse and hegemony theoretical perspective Delimiting and analysing the discourse – ‘operationalisation’ and method 3 Creating the enemy Definiti...

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...y others. The topics are tied together, and built on each other, so, if this is your first time with Java, it is recommended to read the chapters in the same sequence they are presented in the book. We...

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...…………48 • deprecated methods……………………………………...49 • passing Java arguments…………………………………..49 33 4 Java Tools 52 5 Problem solving 66 6 Simple-Level Logic • Type casting…………………………………………………...77 • Local variables………………………………………….…….78 • Simple operations…………………………………………..82 • Arithmetic operators……………………………….……..83 75 7 Moderate-Level Logic • Relation operators……………...