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I propose to discuss in what follows the evil of the great modern Capitalist Press, its function in vitiating and misinforming opinion and in putting power into ignoble hands; its correction by the formation of small independent organs, and the probably increasing effect of these last. (Introduction by Hilaire Belloc)...

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Politics

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Through the U.S. Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) this series of communications has been de-classified and made public. Most names have been omitted, however much information of the sightings of UFOs in 1947 can be gleaned from these communications which were primarily between the FBI and other U.S. Government and military organizations. It should be noted that the U.S. Air Force only became a separate entity in 1947, having split from the U.S. Army at that time. And they became very busy times for the fledgling military organization. The slant of this de-classified material is chiefly written communications between the FBI and the military machine in 1947. Correspondence herein spans July and August of 1947 which will forever remain as the beginning of serious first-hand UFO experience in the annals of history. (Introduction by Roger Melin)...

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Politics

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Karl Marx und Friedrich Engels schrieben ihr Manifest im Dezember 1847, als Leitfaden fuer die grundsaetzlichen Prinzipien und Praktiken des Kommunismus. Das Manifest sagte ausserdem den Untergang des Kapitalistismus’ voraus. (Zusammenfassung von Gesine)...

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Politics

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Gilbert Keith Chesterton (1874–1936) has been called the “prince of paradox.” Time magazine observed of his writing style: “Whenever possible Chesterton made his points with popular sayings, proverbs, allegories—first carefully turning them inside out.” His prolific and diverse output included journalism, philosophy, poetry, biography, Christian apologetics, fantasy and detective fiction. The title of Chesteron’s 1910 collection of essays was inspired by a title given to him two years earlier by The Times newspaper, which had asked a number of authors to write on the topic: “What’s wrong with the world?”. Chesterton’s answer at that time was the shortest of those submitted - he simply wrote: “Dear Sirs, I am. Sincerely yours, G.K. Chesterton”. In this collection he gives a fuller treatment of the question, with his characteristic conservative wit. (Summary by Wikipedia and Carl Manchester)...

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Politics, Humor, Essay/Short nonfiction

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Landmark United States Supreme Court decisions focusing on civil rights and equal protection between 1856 and 1948.

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Politics

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Constitución vigente en España actualmente, fruto de la Transición a la democracia tras la muerte de Francisco Franco. (Introducción por AGV)

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Politics

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The National Gambling Impact Study Commission was given the task of conducting a comprehensive legal and factual study on the social and economic implications of gambling in the United States. This report presents the principal findings of that work and recommendations for action. (Summary from the Introduction, modified by Sam Stinson)...

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Politics

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Problems in American Democracy is a very detailed, specific explanation of some of the underlying and surface problems of a democracy system of government, particularly of the American form of democracy. Though lengthy, it is a great read for people who want to learn more about different types of government and the foundations of our own government in the United States of America. (Summary by Allyson Hester)...

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Politics

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The Mysterious Forces of Civilization (Persian: Risálih-i-Madaníyyih) is a work written before 1875 by ‘Abbás Effendí, known as ‘Abdu’l-Bahá (the Servant of Bahá) (1844-1921). The Persian text was first lithographed in Bombay in 1882 and printed in Cairo in 1911. ‘Abdu’l-Bahá was the eldest son and appointed successor of Bahá’u’lláh, the Founder of the Bahá’í Faith. The original text of this work was written and published anonymously, and the first English translation (by Johanna Dawud) was published in London in 1910 and Chicago in 1918, under the title ‘Mysterious Forces of Civilization’ written by an Eminent Bahai Philosopher. This audiobook is based on the 1918 edition. Another translation was completed by Marzieh Gail and published in 1957, with an introduction by Horace Holley. The title was re-translated as “The Secret of Divine Civilization”. The book was widely known in its time as an attempt to improve the degraded condition of Persia (Iran). The author frequently references current issues that were being debated, such as whether to modernize and accept Western technology, or to reject Western culture and rely on technolog...

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Religion, Politics

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Violence in society and politics, whether in the form of war, terrorism, dictatorship, oppression, usurpation, or genocide, is widely recognized as a grave problem. The objective of this essay is to explore a different perspective on the nature of the problem of widespread violence in society and politics that suggests what will be required for its resolution. We need to analyze the conditions under which it will be possible to reduce drastically the reliance on military and other violent means of conflict. We need to examine why violence is so widely regarded as necessary for good causes as well as for bad ones, and how fundamental change away from that syndrome might be achieved. (Summary by Author)...

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Politics

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Throughout history, those who were at the forefront of making this world a better place have been oppressed. Today is no different. MORALS tells the true story of the young activist Max Nowak who suddenly discovers that he is a suspected terrorist. On FBI orders, Max is abducted from his bed in Berlin and interrogated by German secret police. These events force him to reflect on terrorism, the state, and liberty....

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1 Genesis................................................................................................................................................2 2 First Interrogation..............................................................................................................................5 3 On Terrorism......................................................................................................................................7 4 Women.............................................................................................................................................13 5 Second Interrogation........................................................................................................................17 6 About the Knife...............................................................................................................................20 7 The Public-Private Partnership and the Other Public-Private Partnership......................................22 8 Acceptionism.........................................................................................................................

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Επιλογή πολιτικών άρθρων που ο Αντόνιο Γκράμσι δημοσίευσε μεταξύ 1916 και 1925 σε διάφορα έντυπα. Μετάφραση από τα ιταλικά Χρίστος Αλεξανδρίδης. Selected political articles published by Antonio Gramsci in various newspapers and journals between 1916 and 1925. Translation fron italian by Christos Alexandridis....

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Includes a case study of new information

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Table of Contents What this Book is About v Chapter I Setting the Scene 1 What is Examined? / Why this Subject? / Scope / Structure Chapter 2 State of Knowledge 9 Social Identity / Exclusion, Citizenship & Security / Exclusion / Citizenship / Human Security Chapter 3 Applying the Approach 27 Approaches / Locations / Sampling / Data Collection / Fieldwork / Analysis / Constraints Chapter 4 Who are the Rohingya? 39 An Ethnic Group? / Defining ‘Rohingya’ / Identity Construction / Other Rakhine Muslims Chapter 5 Social Exclusion 57 Horizontal: British Administration / Mass Immigration / Riots Vertical: Politics 1942-1948 / Mujahid Insurgence / U Nu and U Ne Win Regimes / Citizenship Scrutinizing / Temporary Registration Chapter 6 How to Gain and Lose Citizenship 79 Laws / Registration & Documentation / Household List / Birth Registration / Identity Cards / Temporary Cards / Registration of Foreigners / Denial of Citizenship Chapter 7 Findings from the Field 97 Socio-Demographics / Freedom from Fear / Freedom from Want / Land Ownership Chapter 8 Towards Future Policy 129 Perceptions of Citizenship / Ethnic Discrimination...

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المقدمة 1. بيان موضوع ومسألة التحقيق: موضوع التحقيق هو ((المنهج السياسي لاهل البيت عليهم السلام)) والمسألة الاصلية فيه هي البحث في المناهج السياسية لاهل البيت عليهم السلام وعلل اختلافها وطريقة تعاملهم مع الاحداث. 2. السؤال الاصلي للبحث: ما هو المنهج السياسي لاهل البيت عليهم السلام؟ وهل كانوا يعتمدون الاسلوب الموضوعي ام الاعجازي؟ وما كيفية ادارة الدولة؟. 3. الاسئلة الفرعية في البحث: أ. كيفية الاستفادة من الفرصة في بناء القاعدة؟. ب. ماهي الاسباب الموضوعية لاختلاف مواقف أهل البيت عليهم السلام تجاه الاحداث المختلفة؟. ج. ما كيفية التوفيق بين الاساليب المختلفة في مواقف أهل البيت عليهم السلام؟. 4. أهمية وضرورة البحث: لا يخفى أن دراسة الحياة السياسية لأهل البيت عليهم السلام ذات أثر مهم في العمل السياسي الإسلامي وبخاصة في عصر الغيبة حيث يتعذر الوصول إلى معرفة الموقف الشرعي الواقعي بسبب غيبة الإمام المهدي عجل الله فرجه الشريف. ولما كانت الشريعة الاسلامية من المفروض انها شملت جميع وقائع الحياة فلابد ان يكون لكل مسألة سياسية حكم خاص بها، والقيادة وشؤونها من المسائل المهمة في الواقع السياسي، والمتشرع من المؤمنين يجب ان يحذو في اعماله السياسية حذو اهل البيت عليهم السلام والا واجه في عمله السياسي الكثير من الاخطاء التي تجعله مداناً امام ال...

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الإمامة في فكر أهل البيت عليهم السلام لكل نظام سياسي نظرية على أساسها يُخاطب الجمهور المؤمن بالنظرية أو المتعاطف معها، وقبل تولي الحكم ـ عادة أو بعده في بعض الحالات ـ يحاول أرباب السياسة جمع الأتباع حول نظريتهم لتبنيها والدفاع عنها، والإمامة هي المسألة التي كانت على مر العصور مورد الصراع بين المسلمين. واختلفت الآراء في كون الإمامة من شؤون المكلفين لتكون من الفروع ام انها من الشؤون الإلهية فتكون من أصول الدين. وذهبت مدارس أصحاب الحديث والمعتزلة والخوارج إلى كون الإمامة من الفروع لا الأصول. واما عند أهل البيت عليهم السلام فالإمامة من المناصب الإلهية، ودور الإمام الدور المكمل للرسالة والنبوة، ولذا وجب ان يكون الإمام متحلياً بكل الكمالات النفسانية التي يتحلى بها النبي لكي يكون مؤهلاً للقيام بوظائف الإمامة. ...

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المحتويات الإهداء 5 المقدمة 6 الفصل الأول موقف أهل البيت عليهم السلام من السلطة بعد وفاة الرسول صلى الله عليه وآله أ ـ الإمامة في فكر أهل البيت عليهم السلام 15 ب ـ التصدي لمؤامرة حرف المسار السياسي 20 ج ـ المتسلطون والإمامة 24 د ـ آثار فقدان الدستور على الفقه السياسي 30 هـ ـ موقف اهل البيت عليهم السلام 34 تجاه نظرية السلطة في الإمامة 34 خلاصة الفصل الأول 41 الفصل الثاني الاستفادة من الفرصة في بناء القاعدة تمهيد 47 اولاً ـ العملية التربوية في ظل الأحزاب الثلاثة 48 أ ـ العملية التربوية في ظل الحزب القرشي 48 ب ـ العملية التربوية في ظل الحزب الأموي 51 ج ـ العملية التربوية في ظل الحزب العباسي 53 ثانياً ـ العملية التربوية عند الأئمة عليهم السلام 56 أ ـ العملية التربوية قبل تولي امير المؤمنين عليه السلام الحكم 57 ب ـ بناء القاعدة ايام حكم أمير المؤمنين عليه السلام 60 ج ـ بناء القاعدة بعد شهادة أمير المؤمنين عليه السلام 63 د ـ العملية التربوية عند الإمام الصادق عليه السلام 66 أ ـ الحياة السياسية للإمام الصادق عليه السلام 67 ب ـ مواقفه عليه السلام من الحكومات الظالمة 69 1 ـ موقفه عليه السلام من الحكم الأموي 69 2 ـ موقفه عليه السلام من الدولة العباسية 71 3 ـ موقف العباسيين من الإمام الصادق عليه السلام 73 ب ـ بناء ...

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The following chapters are independent essays written in April and May 2016, and they can be read in any order. The wars for the global resources of oil and natural gas are the topic of most essays. To a large extent, the wars of the 20th and 21st centuries were the result of energy rich countries competing to secure their exports, or the result of energy poor countries competing to secure their access to energy resources. Many episodes of the energy wars of the 20th and 21st centuries are described in the following essays. I.A. 26.5.2016 ...

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This booklet describes various incidents of oil and natural gas wars between different countries. There is no connection between the booklet's chapters. Each chapter was written as an independent short essay....

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Nursultan Nazarbayev, in full Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbayev, Nazarbayev also spelled Nazarbaev (born July 6, 1940, Kazakhstan, U.S.S.R.), president of Kazakhstan (from 1990), a reformist who sought regional autonomy for his Central Asian republic. Nazarbayev was the son of Kazakh peasants. He graduated from a technical school in Dneprodzerzhinsk (now Dniprodzerzhynsk, Ukraine) in 1960, from a technical school of the Karaganda (now Qaraghandy) Metallurgical Combine in Kazakhstan (1967), and from the Higher Party School in Moscow (1976). He worked as a steelworker and engineer at the Karaganda plant off and on from 1960 to 1977. He joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) in 1962 and rose through the ranks, becoming a full member of the Kazakhstan Politburo in 1979, chairman of the Kazakh Council of Ministers (1984–89), first secretary of the Kazakhstan party (1989–91), and full member of the CPSU Politburo (1990–91). In 1990 the Supreme Soviet of Kazakhstan elected Nazarbayev president of the republic....

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Nursultan Nazarbayev, in full Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbayev, Nazarbayev also spelled Nazarbaev (born July 6, 1940, Kazakhstan, U.S.S.R.), president of Kazakhstan (from 1990), a reformist who sought regional autonomy for his Central Asian republic. Nazarbayev was the son of Kazakh peasants. He graduated from a technical school in Dneprodzerzhinsk (now Dniprodzerzhynsk, Ukraine) in 1960, from a technical school of the Karaganda (now Qaraghandy) Metallurgical Combine in Kazakhstan (1967), and from the Higher Party School in Moscow (1976). He worked as a steelworker and engineer at the Karaganda plant off and on from 1960 to 1977. He joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) in 1962 and rose through the ranks, becoming a full member of the Kazakhstan Politburo in 1979, chairman of the Kazakh Council of Ministers (1984–89), first secretary of the Kazakhstan party (1989–91), and full member of the CPSU Politburo (1990–91). In 1990 the Supreme Soviet of Kazakhstan elected Nazarbayev president of the republic....

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Nursultan Nazarbayev, in full Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbayev, Nazarbayev also spelled Nazarbaev (born July 6, 1940, Kazakhstan, U.S.S.R.), president of Kazakhstan (from 1990), a reformist who sought regional autonomy for his Central Asian republic. Nazarbayev was the son of Kazakh peasants. He graduated from a technical school in Dneprodzerzhinsk (now Dniprodzerzhynsk, Ukraine) in 1960, from a technical school of the Karaganda (now Qaraghandy) Metallurgical Combine in Kazakhstan (1967), and from the Higher Party School in Moscow (1976). He worked as a steelworker and engineer at the Karaganda plant off and on from 1960 to 1977. He joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) in 1962 and rose through the ranks, becoming a full member of the Kazakhstan Politburo in 1979, chairman of the Kazakh Council of Ministers (1984–89), first secretary of the Kazakhstan party (1989–91), and full member of the CPSU Politburo (1990–91). In 1990 the Supreme Soviet of Kazakhstan elected Nazarbayev president of the republic....

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Nursultan Nazarbayev, in full Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbayev, Nazarbayev also spelled Nazarbaev (born July 6, 1940, Kazakhstan, U.S.S.R.), president of Kazakhstan (from 1990), a reformist who sought regional autonomy for his Central Asian republic. Nazarbayev was the son of Kazakh peasants. He graduated from a technical school in Dneprodzerzhinsk (now Dniprodzerzhynsk, Ukraine) in 1960, from a technical school of the Karaganda (now Qaraghandy) Metallurgical Combine in Kazakhstan (1967), and from the Higher Party School in Moscow (1976). He worked as a steelworker and engineer at the Karaganda plant off and on from 1960 to 1977. He joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) in 1962 and rose through the ranks, becoming a full member of the Kazakhstan Politburo in 1979, chairman of the Kazakh Council of Ministers (1984–89), first secretary of the Kazakhstan party (1989–91), and full member of the CPSU Politburo (1990–91). In 1990 the Supreme Soviet of Kazakhstan elected Nazarbayev president of the republic....